Liu Fang, Hong Jin, Chen Xiangdong, Ding Xing, Li Shaopeng, Yu Xiang, Lu Jiaqi, Zhao Xuan, Tang Kun, Xie Chenghua, Zhao Kemei
The School of Information Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.
Commun Eng. 2025 Jan 18;4(1):4. doi: 10.1038/s44172-025-00342-4.
Limited by the adsorption and diffusion rate of water molecules, traditional humidity sensors, such as those based on polymer electrolytes, porous ceramics, and metal oxides, typically have long response times, which hinder their application in monitoring transient humidity changes. Here we present an ultrafast humidity sensor with a millisecond-level response. The sensor is prepared by assembling monolayer graphene oxide quantum dots on silica microspheres using a simple electrostatic self-assembly technique. Benefiting from the joint action of the micro spheres and the ultrathin humidity-sensitive film, it displays the fastest response time (2.76 ms) and recovery time (12.4 ms) among electronic humidity sensors. With the ultrafast response of the sensor, we revealed the correlation between humidity changes in speech airflow and speech activities, demonstrated the noise immunity of humidity speech activity detection, confirmed the humidity shock caused by explosions, realized ultrahigh frequency respiratory monitoring, and verified the effect of humidity-triggering in the non-invasive ventilator. This ultrafast humidity sensor has broad application prospects in monitoring transient humidity changes.
受水分子吸附和扩散速率的限制，传统湿度传感器，如基于聚合物电解质、多孔陶瓷和金属氧化物的传感器，通常具有较长的响应时间，这阻碍了它们在监测瞬态湿度变化中的应用。在此，我们展示了一种具有毫秒级响应的超快湿度传感器。该传感器通过使用简单的静电自组装技术在二氧化硅微球上组装单层氧化石墨烯量子点制备而成。受益于微球和超薄湿度敏感膜的共同作用，它在电子湿度传感器中表现出最快的响应时间（2.76毫秒）和恢复时间（12.4毫秒）。凭借该传感器的超快响应，我们揭示了语音气流中的湿度变化与语音活动之间有关联，证明了湿度语音活动检测的抗噪声能力，证实了爆炸引起的湿度冲击，实现了超高频呼吸监测，并验证了无创呼吸机中湿度触发的效果。这种超快湿度传感器在监测瞬态湿度变化方面具有广阔的应用前景。
