Xia Bin, Yuan Yuan, Jiang Yan, Jiang Guangming, Wang Weilu, Lv Xiaoshu, Zou Yan, Fu Wenyang, Zhang Xianming
Engineering Research Center for Waste Oil Recovery Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, P. R. China.
ACS Omega. 2024 Dec 25;10(1):16-25. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c06707. eCollection 2025 Jan 14.
Numerous oil-water mixtures produced through industrial production processes and daily activities pollute the ecological environment and pose risks to human health. The development of materials with high oil-water mixture separation efficiency can promote the recycling of oil and water resources and effectively prevent environmental pollution caused by their direct discharge. Most of the current oil-water separation materials consist of foam, aerogel, and other porous materials. Among these materials, polyurethane exhibits good biodegradability, mechanical properties, large pore volume, low cost, wear resistance, and water resistance in oil-water mixture separation applications. However, pure polyurethane foam is characterized by low adsorption separation efficiency, insufficient recyclability, and high flammability. Therefore, modifying polyurethane to improve the oil-water mixture separation efficiency is vital. In this review, the methods and mechanisms of polyurethane modified materials used for oil-water mixture separation are reviewed, and their future research and application directions are prospected.
众多通过工业生产过程和日常活动产生的油水混合物污染了生态环境，并对人类健康构成风险。开发具有高油水混合物分离效率的材料可以促进油水资源的循环利用，并有效防止其直接排放造成的环境污染。目前大多数油水分离材料由泡沫、气凝胶等多孔材料组成。在这些材料中，聚氨酯在油水混合物分离应用中表现出良好的生物降解性、机械性能、大孔体积、低成本、耐磨性和耐水性。然而，纯聚氨酯泡沫的特点是吸附分离效率低、可回收性不足和易燃性高。因此，对聚氨酯进行改性以提高油水混合物分离效率至关重要。在这篇综述中，综述了用于油水混合物分离的聚氨酯改性材料的方法和机理，并展望了其未来的研究和应用方向。
