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基于病史和临床检查的系统定位

Systematic Localisation Based on History and Clinical Examination.

作者信息

Samsudin Muhamad Azuan, Manokaran Thaanesh, Ali Muhammad Syamim, Jamaluddin Atiqah Al Aqilah, Sashideran Darvena Pillay, Ting Heng Pei, Wei Heng Yu, Xin Chin Wen, Sabri Muhammad Safuan, Zhi Chiun Pei, Yussof Muhammad Zikri, Mariyapan Prehmanraj, Abdullah Jafri Malin, Idris Zamzuri, Ghani Abdul Rahman Izaini, Ismail Ihfaz, Yee Ang Soo, Fitzrol Diana Noma

机构信息

Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Brain and Behaviour Cluster, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia.

出版信息

Malays J Med Sci. 2024 Dec;31(6):217-256. doi: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.6.17. Epub 2024 Dec 31.

DOI:10.21315/mjms2024.31.6.17
PMID:39830106
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11740810/
Abstract

Localisation in neurology is an important step in determining the location of a neurological lesion based on history taking and clinical examination before confirmation with imaging. Lesions can vary from the cortical to the subcortical, brainstem, and spinal cord levels, in which every presentation and finding from the patient can provide a rough idea of where the pathology is located. A differential diagnosis can later be made according to the duration of the symptoms and the cumulative signs and symptoms presented. This is considered the most important step in managing neurological patients to ensure that no stone is left unturned in making an accurate diagnosis.

摘要

在神经病学中，定位是在通过影像学确认之前，根据病史采集和临床检查来确定神经病变位置的重要步骤。病变可发生在皮质、皮质下、脑干和脊髓等不同层面，患者的每一个表现和检查结果都能大致提示病变所在位置。随后可根据症状持续时间以及所呈现的累积体征和症状进行鉴别诊断。这被认为是管理神经科患者以确保在做出准确诊断时不放过任何细节的最重要步骤。

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