Haine Louisa, Taylor Isaac, Vaughan Megan
Anglia Ruskin University, UK.
UCL, UK.
Br Ir Orthopt J. 2025 Jan 16;21(1):1-14. doi: 10.22599/bioj.426. eCollection 2025.
The aim of this literature review was to determine if a consensus could be reached on whether amblyopia treatment causes distress to patients and/or their guardians, and if so, establish the impact of this reported psychological distress upon paediatric patients and/or their parents/guardians.
A systematic review of the literature was conducted of all publications written in English. Search terms included both MeSH terms and alternatives related to amblyopia and psychological distress. Evidence quality was assessed using an adapted Newcastle-Ottawa Score (NOS) and evaluation of the literature was used to form a narrative synthesis of the findings.
Initial searches yielded 7,838 titles in total, with 25 peer reviewed papers published between 1999 and 2021 meeting the study inclusion criteria. Factors such as the presence of strabismus, moderate and severe amblyopic density, occlusive patch treatment and patching during school age increase the likelihood of experiencing distress as a result of amblyopia treatment.
Both parents/guardians and patients can experience psychological distress as a result of undertaking amblyopia treatment. School-aged children and those receiving occlusion therapy in the form of patching report higher distress than infants and young-children, and those receiving atropine occlusion therapy or refractive correction only. Further study measuring the physiological markers of distress such as Cortisol and BDNF, is recommended.
本综述的目的是确定对于弱视治疗是否会给患者和/或其监护人带来困扰能否达成共识；如果会，确定这种报告的心理困扰对儿科患者和/或其父母/监护人的影响。
对所有英文撰写的出版物进行文献系统综述。检索词包括与弱视和心理困扰相关的医学主题词（MeSH）及其替代词。使用改编的纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（NOS）评估证据质量，并通过对文献的评估对研究结果进行叙述性综合。
初步检索共得到7838个标题，1999年至2021年间发表的25篇经同行评审的论文符合研究纳入标准。斜视的存在、中度和重度弱视程度、遮盖治疗以及学龄期遮盖等因素会增加因弱视治疗而产生困扰的可能性。
父母/监护人和患者都可能因接受弱视治疗而经历心理困扰。学龄儿童以及接受遮盖治疗的儿童报告的困扰程度高于婴幼儿以及仅接受阿托品遮盖治疗或屈光矫正的儿童。建议进一步研究测量困扰的生理指标，如皮质醇和脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）。
