Alijani Sajedeh, Raji Mohammad-Reza, Emami Bistgani Zohreh, Ehtesham Nia Abdollah, Farajpour Mostafa
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khoram Abad, 44316-68151, Iran.
Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Isfahan, 81748-35117, Iran.
Heliyon. 2024 Dec 25;11(1):e41482. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41482. eCollection 2025 Jan 15.
Drought stress poses a serious threat to agricultural productivity worldwide. This study investigated the mitigative effects of exogenous spermidine on drought stressed yarrow ( L.). Plants were subjected to three drought levels (25 %, 50 % and 75 % field capacity) and foliar sprayed with 0, 1.5 and 3 μM spermidine. Drought significantly reduced relative water content, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll, carotenoids), osmolyte (proline, soluble sugars) accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activities such as catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), indicating oxidative damage. Spermidine treatment attenuated drought injury by improving the above parameters. Maximum responses were observed at 1.5 μM for photosynthetic pigments and osmolytes, while 3 μM performed best for secondary metabolites (phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins) and antioxidant enzymes. Drought also upregulated secondary metabolites like phenolics, while spermidine further augmented their levels. Moreover, spermidine maintained membrane integrity and osmotic adjustment under water deficit. Overall, spermidine enhanced yarrow's drought tolerance by modulating physiological and biochemical processes. Our findings provide insights into spermidine-induced adaptation mechanisms in plants combating water scarcity. Optimization of spermidine concentration may help develop drought-resilient crops.
干旱胁迫对全球农业生产力构成严重威胁。本研究调查了外源亚精胺对干旱胁迫下的蓍草（Achillea millefolium L.）的缓解作用。将植物置于三种干旱水平（田间持水量的25%、50%和75%）下，并对其进行叶面喷施0、1.5和3 μM的亚精胺处理。干旱显著降低了相对含水量、光合色素（叶绿素、类胡萝卜素）、渗透调节物质（脯氨酸、可溶性糖）的积累以及抗氧化酶活性，如过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX），表明发生了氧化损伤。亚精胺处理通过改善上述参数减轻了干旱伤害。光合色素和渗透调节物质在1.5 μM时观察到最大响应，而3 μM对次生代谢产物（酚类、黄酮类、花青素）和抗氧化酶的效果最佳。干旱还上调了酚类等次生代谢产物，而亚精胺进一步提高了它们的水平。此外，亚精胺在水分亏缺条件下维持了膜完整性和渗透调节。总体而言，亚精胺通过调节生理和生化过程增强了蓍草的耐旱性。我们的研究结果为植物应对缺水时亚精胺诱导的适应机制提供了见解。优化亚精胺浓度可能有助于培育耐旱作物。
