低龄学龄儿童心血管疾病风险的预测参数

Predictive parameters of cardiovascular risk in younger school-age children.

作者信息

Sulinová Zlatana, Dorko Erik, Rimárová Kvetoslava, Diabelková Jana, Tejová Martina, Houžvičková Andrea

机构信息

Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic.

出版信息

Cent Eur J Public Health. 2024 Dec;32(Supplement):58-65. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a8376.

DOI:10.21101/cejph.a8376

PMID:39832149

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Overweight and obesity are important concerns for global health. They are characterized by excessive fat accumulation that can harm health. Childhood obesity has reached alarming levels around the world due to urbanization and changes in lifestyle. This trend highlights an urgent need for effective public health strategies to promote healthier lifestyles, prevent chronic diseases, and support the wellbeing of future generations. This study aimed to monitor the impact of the risk factors on blood pressure and lipid profile parameters.

METHODS

Data were collected from 267 school-age children from Slovakia. The study assessed blood pressure using the sphygmomanometer technique, where systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were measured in a seated position and repeated three times. The pulse rate was evaluated using Ruffier's physical fitness test. Anthropometric measurements included body weight, height, waist circumference, hip, and chest circumference, body mass index (BMI), and fat skinfolds measurement. The children's parents completed a comprehensive questionnaire. The data were statistically evaluated using IBM-SPSS version 19.

RESULTS

Our analysis showed a statistically significant difference in SBP between obese and non-obese children (p < 0.001), but no significant differences for DBP and total cholesterol. Similar results were found between normal-weight and overweight children for SBP (p < 0.001), with overweight children showing higher SBP. No significant differences were noted for DBP or total cholesterol. Among children with "bad fitness", 57.9% had elevated SBP, compared to 37.86% with "good fitness" (p < 0.01). Additionally, 41.67% of children with bad fitness had elevated DBP, versus 23.05% in good fitness (p < 0.001). Significant differences in total cholesterol were also observed in these two groups (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study confirm the importance of monitoring risk factors that significantly influence cardiovascular parameters.

摘要

目的

超重和肥胖是全球健康的重要关注点。它们的特征是脂肪过度积累，会损害健康。由于城市化和生活方式的改变，儿童肥胖在全球已达到惊人水平。这一趋势凸显了迫切需要有效的公共卫生策略来促进更健康的生活方式、预防慢性病并支持后代的福祉。本研究旨在监测风险因素对血压和血脂参数的影响。

方法

从斯洛伐克的267名学龄儿童中收集数据。该研究使用血压计技术评估血压，在坐位测量收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP），并重复测量三次。使用鲁菲耶体能测试评估脉搏率。人体测量包括体重、身高、腰围、臀围和胸围、体重指数（BMI）以及皮脂厚度测量。儿童的父母完成了一份综合问卷。使用IBM-SPSS 19版对数据进行统计学评估。

结果

我们的分析显示，肥胖儿童和非肥胖儿童的SBP存在统计学显著差异（p < 0.001），但DBP和总胆固醇无显著差异。正常体重和超重儿童的SBP也有类似结果（p < 0.001），超重儿童的SBP更高。DBP或总胆固醇无显著差异。在“体能差”的儿童中，57.9%的人SBP升高，而“体能好”的儿童中这一比例为37.86%（p < 0.01）。此外，“体能差”的儿童中有41.67%的人DBP升高，而“体能好”的儿童中这一比例为23.05%（p < 0.001）。这两组儿童的总胆固醇也存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。