Rimárová Kvetoslava, Dorko Erik, Diabelková Jana, Sulinová Zlatana, Urdzík Peter, Pelechová Nikola, Konrádyová Nika
Department of Public Health and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice and Louis Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovak Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2018 Dec;26 Suppl:S12-S18. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a5477.
The aim of the cross-sectional study was to evaluate cardiovascular risk factors in the group of medical students with gender, overweight and obesity categorisation.
Cross-sectional study included 364 medical students, 207 females and 157 males. We investigated anthropometric parameters, BMI, body fat percentage, WHR (waist-hip ratio), TCH (total cholesterol) and LDL-CH (LDL-cholesterol), SBP and DBP (systolic and diastolic blood pressure). The participants also completed questionnaires with socio-demographic characteristic, including smoking, unhealthy eating, self-perceived health, and physical activity status. Statistical analysis used t-test differences in arithmetic means and OR calculation with 95% CI.
Prevalence of increased blood pressure (> SBP/DBP 120/80 mmHg) among participants was 10.99% (SBP) and 9.07% (DBP). The results confirmed risk of "overweight + obesity" in 15.38% (using BMI evaluation) versus 18.54% cases (using body fat percentage evaluation). The results of the study confirmed statistically higher risk for males compared to females in the following parameters: SBP, DBP, BMI, body fat percentage, self-perceived health, unhealthy eating and body weight watching. "Overweight and obesity" group (BMI evaluation) confirmed all factors on statistically significant level a risky group: SBP, DBP, body fat percentage, TCH, self-perceived health, smoking, stress at university, and body weight watching. The outputs confirmed, on the other hand, low amount of clinical obesity (0.8%), clinical hypertension (BP > 140/90) 1.1%, and clinically higher cholesterol level (TCH > 5.2 mmol/l) in 8.7% participants.
We confirmed higher prevalence or cardiovascular risk factors among males. Also, group of "overweight and obese" students had higher frequency of cardiovascular risk factors. Border limits for risk evaluation were strong, so on clinical level we can evaluate the group of medical students as healthy. In the group of young medical students, we confirmed lower frequency of risk factors compared to the Slovak population average.
这项横断面研究的目的是评估按性别、超重和肥胖分类的医学生群体中的心血管危险因素。
横断面研究纳入了364名医学生，其中207名女性和157名男性。我们调查了人体测量参数、体重指数（BMI）、体脂百分比、腰臀比（WHR）、总胆固醇（TCH）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-CH）、收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）。参与者还填写了包含社会人口学特征的问卷，包括吸烟、不健康饮食、自我感知健康状况和身体活动状况。统计分析采用算术平均值的t检验差异和95%置信区间的比值比（OR）计算。
参与者中血压升高（收缩压/舒张压>120/80 mmHg）的患病率分别为10.99%（收缩压）和9.07%（舒张压）。结果证实，15.38%的病例存在“超重+肥胖”风险（使用BMI评估），而使用体脂百分比评估时这一比例为18.54%。研究结果证实，在以下参数方面，男性的风险在统计学上高于女性：收缩压、舒张压、BMI、体脂百分比、自我感知健康状况、不健康饮食和关注体重。“超重和肥胖”组（BMI评估）在统计学显著水平上证实所有因素都是高风险组：收缩压、舒张压、体脂百分比、总胆固醇、自我感知健康状况、吸烟、大学压力和关注体重。另一方面，研究结果证实临床肥胖的比例较低（0.8%），临床高血压（血压>140/90）的比例为1.1%，8.7%的参与者临床胆固醇水平较高（总胆固醇>5.2 mmol/l）。
我们证实男性中心血管危险因素的患病率更高。此外，“超重和肥胖”的学生群体心血管危险因素的发生率更高。风险评估的临界值很显著，因此在临床层面上我们可以将医学生群体评估为健康。在年轻医学生群体中，我们证实与斯洛伐克人群平均水平相比，危险因素的发生率较低。
