A wearable platform for biochemical sweat analysis using photonic crystal hydrogel.

Wearable systems for health monitoring are highly desired in personal diagnostics and precision medicine while challenges remain in constructing such wearable systems with reliability and high performance. Herein, we report a wearable platform for non-invasive monitoring biomarkers in sweat. The device is composed of a butterfly-shaped like microfluidic platform in which responsive photonic crystal hydrogels are embedded in each butterfly wing as sensors. Sweat lactate concentration and pH can be obtained via the color variation of the sensor with naked eyes. Accurate quantitative analysis of the two target analytes can be obtained via the image analysis on a mobile phone by integrating the linear range response to analytes within the physiological range. Moreover, the sensor exhibits good reproducibility, excellent selectivity and long-term stability. On-body trials have been conducted by attaching the device on volunteers' body, and the obtained results are consistent with those analyzed through standardized methods, demonstrating its potentiality in real-time and continuous monitoring sweat biomarkers. This non-invasive wearable sensor provides a new strategy for personal health monitoring and sports performance assessment.