Deyst K A, Liem K F
Respir Physiol. 1985 Feb;59(2):213-23. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(85)90008-8.
Anatomical analysis, electromyography, pressure recordings, high-speed X-ray and light movies of the mechanism of air ventilation in Amia calva reveal that aerial ventilation proceeds by the action of a specialized pulse pump. The interhyoideus muscle is the dominant muscle being active during both the preparatory phase and the final, prolonged compressive phase during which new air is forced into the lung. Amia retains a relatively large residual volume in the lung and does not repeat inhalation. It often expels excess air from the buccal cavity after the lung has been fully reinflated. The pressure, kinematic and air flow patterns during air ventilation in Amia closely resemble those of the air breath in the lungfish Protopterus. We hypothesize that the basically similar electromyographic profiles of homologous muscles so characteristic for the air ventilation mechanism of Protopterus and Amia reflect a homologous anatomical as well as functional neuromuscular pattern, which has had a common and early evolutionary origin among the Teleostomi.
对雀鳝空气呼吸机制的解剖分析、肌电图、压力记录、高速X射线和光学影片显示，空气呼吸是通过一个专门的脉冲泵的作用进行的。舌间肌是在准备阶段和最后的长时间压缩阶段（在此期间新空气被压入肺部）都活跃的主要肌肉。雀鳝肺部保留了相对较大的残气量，并且不重复吸气。在肺部完全重新充气后，它经常从口腔排出多余的空气。雀鳝空气呼吸期间的压力、运动学和气流模式与非洲肺鱼空气呼吸的模式非常相似。我们推测，非洲肺鱼和雀鳝空气呼吸机制中同源肌肉基本相似的肌电图特征反映了一种同源的解剖学以及功能性神经肌肉模式，这种模式在硬骨鱼纲中有着共同且早期的进化起源。
