Yang Yuqi, Yue Sen, Shen Luyang, Dong Huiling, Li Haidong, Zhao Xiuchao, Guo Qianni, Zhou Xin
Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences-Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430071, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Feb;12(8):e2413426. doi: 10.1002/advs.202413426. Epub 2025 Jan 21.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a cornerstone technology in clinical diagnostics and in vivo research, offering unparalleled visualization capabilities. Despite significant advancements in the past century, traditional H MRI still faces sensitivity limitations that hinder its further development. To overcome this challenge, hyperpolarization methods have been introduced, disrupting the thermal equilibrium of nuclear spins and leading to an increased proportion of hyperpolarized spins, thereby enhancing sensitivity by hundreds to tens of thousands of times. Among these methods, hyperpolarized (HP) Xe MRI, also known as ultrasensitive Xe MRI, stands out for achieving the highest polarization enhancement and has recently received clinical approval. It effectively tackles the challenge of weak MRI signals from low proton density in the lungs. HP Xe MRI is valuable for assessing structural and functional changes in lung physiology during pulmonary disease progression, tracking cells, and detecting target molecules at pico-molar concentrations. This review summarizes recent developments in HP Xe MRI, including its physical principles, manufacturing methods, in vivo characteristics, and diverse applications in biomedical, chemical, and material sciences. In addition, it carefully discusses potential technical improvements and future prospects for enhancing its utility in these fields, further establishing HP Xe MRI's importance in advancing medical imaging and research.
磁共振成像（MRI）是临床诊断和体内研究中的一项基础技术，具有无与伦比的可视化能力。尽管在过去一个世纪取得了重大进展，但传统的氢质子磁共振成像（H MRI）仍然面临灵敏度限制，阻碍了其进一步发展。为了克服这一挑战，人们引入了超极化方法，打破核自旋的热平衡，导致超极化自旋的比例增加，从而将灵敏度提高数百到数万倍。在这些方法中，超极化（HP）氙气磁共振成像，也称为超灵敏氙气磁共振成像，因其实现了最高的极化增强而脱颖而出，最近已获得临床批准。它有效地解决了肺部低质子密度导致的磁共振信号微弱的挑战。HP氙气磁共振成像对于评估肺部疾病进展过程中肺生理结构和功能的变化、追踪细胞以及检测皮摩尔浓度的靶分子具有重要价值。本文综述了HP氙气磁共振成像的最新进展，包括其物理原理、制备方法、体内特性以及在生物医学、化学和材料科学中的各种应用。此外，还仔细讨论了潜在的技术改进和未来前景以增强其在这些领域的效用，进一步确立了HP氙气磁共振成像在推进医学成像和研究方面的重要性。
