Phogat Durgesh, Awasthi Shikha
Department of Chemistry, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, Rajasthan, India.
Biomed Mater. 2025 Jan 30;20(2). doi: 10.1088/1748-605X/adac97.
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanocoatings on titanium alloys (e.g. Ti6Al4V) have been used for prosthetic orthopaedic implants in recent decades because of their osseointegration, bioactivity, and biocompatibility. HAp is brittle with low mechanical strength and poor adhesion to metallic surfaces, which limits its durability and bioactivity. Surface modification techniques have alleviated the imperfections in biomaterials by coating the substrate. Several methods for improving the characteristics of implants, such as physical vapour deposition, the thermal spray method, the sol-gel method, microarc oxidation, and electrochemical deposition methods, have been discussed in this review. These processes provide mechanical strength without sacrificing biocompatibility and may lead to the development of new ideas for future research. This review discusses various selective additives, including carbon allotropes, ceramic materials, metallic materials, and multiple materials, to enhance tribological characteristics, biocompatibility, wear resistance, and mechanical strength. This review focuses on the fabrication of nano-HAps as coatings using selective deposition methods with controlled deposition parameters, paying special attention to recent developments in bone tissue engineering. This report is organized in such a way that it may inspire further research on surface modifications during medical treatment. The present review may help prospective investigators understand the importance of surface modifications for obtaining excellent implantation performance.
近几十年来，钛合金（如Ti6Al4V）上的羟基磷灰石（HAp）纳米涂层因其骨整合性、生物活性和生物相容性而被用于骨科假体植入物。HAp具有脆性，机械强度低，与金属表面的附着力差，这限制了其耐久性和生物活性。表面改性技术通过对基底进行涂层来减轻生物材料的缺陷。本文综述了几种改善植入物特性的方法，如物理气相沉积、热喷涂法、溶胶 - 凝胶法、微弧氧化和电化学沉积法。这些工艺在不牺牲生物相容性的情况下提供机械强度，并可能为未来的研究带来新的思路。本文综述了各种选择性添加剂，包括碳的同素异形体、陶瓷材料、金属材料和多种材料，以增强摩擦学特性、生物相容性、耐磨性和机械强度。本文重点介绍了使用具有可控沉积参数的选择性沉积方法制备纳米HAp涂层，特别关注骨组织工程的最新进展。本报告的组织方式可能会激发对医疗过程中表面改性的进一步研究。本综述可能有助于未来的研究人员理解表面改性对于获得优异植入性能的重要性。
