碳酸氢钠对游泳运动员200米计时赛成绩及生理反应的影响：随机对照试验的系统评价与荟萃分析
Effects of sodium bicarbonate on 200 m time trial performance and physiological responses in swimmers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
作者信息
Huang Dongxiang, Wang Xiaobing, Takagi Hideki, Wang Zhongzheng, Wang Chen, Yang Ling, Huang Bo
机构信息
School of Physical Education, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, P.R. China.
Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
出版信息
Res Sports Med. 2025 May-Jun;33(3):291-307. doi: 10.1080/15438627.2025.2456630. Epub 2025 Jan 22.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) supplementation on 200 m time trial performance and physiological responses in swimmers, following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search across five databases identified eligible randomized controlled trials comparing NaHCO₃ with placebo. Outcomes were 200 m time, blood bicarbonate, blood lactate, and blood pH. Results showed significant increases in blood bicarbonate (SMD = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.38 to 1.79, P<0.01), blood lactate (SMD = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.24 to 1.29, P<0.01) and blood pH (SMD = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.33 to 1.71, P<0.01), but no effect on 200 m time (SMD = 0.26, 95% CI -0.58 to 1.10). These findings suggest NaHCO₃ enhances certain physiological responses but does not improve 200 m performance, though data limitations require cautious interpretation.
本系统评价和荟萃分析按照PRISMA指南，评估了补充碳酸氢钠（NaHCO₃）对游泳运动员200米计时赛成绩及生理反应的影响。通过对五个数据库进行全面检索，确定了比较NaHCO₃与安慰剂的合格随机对照试验。结局指标为200米用时、血液碳酸氢盐、血乳酸和血液pH值。结果显示，血液碳酸氢盐（标准化均数差[SMD]=1.09，95%置信区间[CI]=0.38至1.79，P<0.01）、血乳酸（SMD=0.76，95%CI=0.24至1.29，P<0.01）和血液pH值（SMD=1.02，95%CI=0.33至1.71，P<0.01）均显著升高，但对200米用时无影响（SMD=0.26，95%CI=-0.58至1.10）。这些发现表明，NaHCO₃可增强某些生理反应，但不能提高200米比赛成绩，不过由于数据局限性，需要谨慎解读。
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