Tripathi Ankita, Singh Dharmendra, Bhati Jyotika, Singh Deepti, Taunk Jyoti, Alkahtani Jawaher, Al-Hashimi Abdulrahman, Singh Madan Pal
Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
Invertis University, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243 123, India.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Jan 22;25(1):88. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06086-9.
The membrane transporters viz. multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) and aluminum-activated malate transporter (ALMT) are associated with aluminum (Al) tolerance by accelerating secretion of organic acids, which can influence nutrient availability and stress response. However, such transporter families have not yet been reported in lentil under Al stress condition.
In this study, 90 MATE and 14 ALMT genes were identified and clustered into four (MATE) and five (ALMT) subfamilies/clades with smaller subgroups. All the MATE and ALMT genes were unevenly dispersed across lentil chromosomes. Duplication analysis suggested that LcMATE gene family has expanded primarily through tandem duplication event. Collinearity of lentil with soybean suggested a close relationship between the MATE genes. The MATE promoter regions harboured many stress responsive as well as Al resistance transcription factor 1 related cis-regulatory elements. Predicted 3D (three-dimensional) structure and molecular docking revealed that 5 LcMATE proteins could bind citrate and contain amino acids related to its secretion via citrate exuding motif and other neighbouring sites. Expression analyses of LcMATE and LcALMT genes were performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Six genes namely, LcM1, LcM42, LcM46, LcM47, LcALMT8 and LcALMT14 responded to Al stress with varying levels of expression patterns at different time points (3, 6, 12 and 24 h).
Our findings offer thorough details on the MATE and ALMT transporters in lentils and will aid in valuable understanding for future functional studies of these transporters in generating Al tolerant cultivars.
膜转运蛋白，即多药和有毒化合物外排（MATE）以及铝激活苹果酸转运蛋白（ALMT），通过加速有机酸的分泌与铝（Al）耐受性相关，这会影响养分有效性和应激反应。然而，在铝胁迫条件下的小扁豆中尚未报道过此类转运蛋白家族。
在本研究中，鉴定出90个MATE基因和14个ALMT基因，并将它们聚类为四个（MATE）和五个（ALMT）亚家族/进化枝以及更小的亚组。所有MATE和ALMT基因在小扁豆染色体上分布不均。重复分析表明，LcMATE基因家族主要通过串联重复事件进行了扩展。小扁豆与大豆的共线性表明MATE基因之间关系密切。MATE启动子区域含有许多应激反应以及与抗铝转录因子1相关的顺式调控元件。预测的三维（3D）结构和分子对接显示，5种LcMATE蛋白可以结合柠檬酸盐，并通过柠檬酸盐分泌基序和其他相邻位点含有与其分泌相关的氨基酸。使用定量实时聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）对LcMATE和LcALMT基因进行了表达分析。六个基因，即LcM1、LcM42、LcM46、LcM47、LcALMT8和LcALMT14，在不同时间点（3、6、12和24小时）对铝胁迫有不同水平的表达模式响应。
我们的研究结果提供了关于小扁豆中MATE和ALMT转运蛋白的详细信息，并将有助于对这些转运蛋白在培育耐铝品种方面的未来功能研究有宝贵的理解。
