Chen Kaiting, Liu Zezheng, Zhou Xinying, Zheng Wanyu, Cao He, Yang Zijian, Wang Zhengao, Ning Chengyun, Li Qingchu, Zhao Huiyu
Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510665, P. R. China.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P. R. China.
Biomater Res. 2025 Jan 22;29:0132. doi: 10.34133/bmr.0132. eCollection 2025.
Tendon/ligament-bone junctions (T/LBJs) are susceptible to damage during exercise, resulting in anterior cruciate ligament rupture or rotator cuff tear; however, their intricate hierarchical structure hinders self-regeneration. Multiphasic strategies have been explored to fuel heterogeneous tissue regeneration and integration. This review summarizes current multiphasic approaches for rejuvenating functional gradients in T/LBJ healing. Synthetic, natural, and organism-derived materials are available for in vivo validation. Both discrete and gradient layouts serve as sources of inspiration for organizing specific cues, based on the theories of biomaterial topology, biochemistry, mechanobiology, and in situ delivery therapy, which form interconnected network within the design. Novel engineering can be constructed by electrospinning, 3-dimensional printing, bioprinting, textiling, and other techniques. Despite these efforts being limited at present stage, multiphasic scaffolds show great potential for precise reproduction of native T/LBJs and offer promising solutions for clinical dilemmas.
肌腱/韧带-骨结合部（T/LBJs）在运动过程中易受损伤，导致前交叉韧带断裂或肩袖撕裂；然而，其复杂的层次结构阻碍了自我再生。人们已经探索了多相策略来促进异质组织的再生和整合。本综述总结了当前用于恢复T/LBJ愈合中功能梯度的多相方法。合成材料、天然材料和生物衍生材料可用于体内验证。基于生物材料拓扑学、生物化学、力学生物学和原位递送治疗的理论，离散布局和梯度布局均为组织特定信号提供了灵感来源，这些理论在设计中形成了相互连接的网络。可以通过静电纺丝、3D打印、生物打印、纺织等技术构建新型工程。尽管目前这些努力还很有限，但多相支架在精确复制天然T/LBJs方面显示出巨大潜力，并为临床难题提供了有前景的解决方案。
