Doumbe Belisse Patricia, Reynolds Alison M, Weetman David, Wilson Anne L, Donnelly Martin J
Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK.
Wellcome Open Res. 2024 Dec 16;9:724. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23480.1. eCollection 2024.
, a malaria mosquito originally from South Asia and the Middle East, has been expanding across both Asia and Africa in recent decades. The invasion of this species into sub-Saharan Africa is of particular concern given its potential to increase malaria burden, especially in urban environments where thrives. Whilst surveillance of this vector in Africa has recently increased markedly there is a need to review the existing methods of control so that we can stop, rather than simply monitor, its spread in Africa.
We searched published papers in PubMed using and intervention-specific search terms. Forty-five full-text articles were screened for eligibility and all those that reported the use of interventions against , and the effect on malaria incidence, malaria prevalence or vector densities were included in the analysis. All data retrieved from the literature were from the native range of and from the period 1995 to 2018.
Fourteen studies which met the inclusion criteria were included in the final analysis. The vector control interventions discussed were bio larvicides (n=3), repellents (n=1), Indoor Residual Spraying (n=2), Insecticide Treated Nets (n=3), insecticide-treated materials other than nets (n=3), the combined use of repellents and mosquito nets (n=1), and combination of biolarvicide and fish (n=1). Outcomes of the studies were primarily vector density (n=10) although some reported malaria incidence and/or prevalence (n=4).
Long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying are effective in controlling, transmitted malaria and reducing vector density, with repellents offering a complementary approach, especially in urban areas where this vector thrives. The private sector can help scale up affordable repellent production in Africa. There is a need to address gaps in cost-effectiveness analysis and gather more epidemiological evidence to better assess the impact of malaria control strategies.
[疟蚊名称]原产于南亚和中东，近几十年来一直在亚洲和非洲扩散。鉴于该物种有可能增加疟疾负担，尤其是在其大量繁殖的城市环境中，它侵入撒哈拉以南非洲地区尤其令人担忧。尽管最近非洲对这种病媒的监测显著增加，但仍有必要审查现有的[疟蚊名称]控制方法，以便我们能够阻止其在非洲的传播，而不仅仅是监测其传播情况。
我们在PubMed上使用[疟蚊名称]和特定干预措施的搜索词搜索已发表的论文。筛选了45篇全文文章以确定其是否符合资格，所有报告使用针对[疟蚊名称]的干预措施以及对疟疾发病率、疟疾流行率或病媒密度影响的文章都纳入了分析。从文献中检索到的所有数据均来自[疟蚊名称]的原生范围以及1995年至2018年期间。
最终分析纳入了14项符合纳入标准的研究。讨论的病媒控制干预措施包括生物杀幼虫剂（n = 3）、驱避剂（n = 1）、室内滞留喷洒（n = 2）、经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐（n = 3）、蚊帐以外的经杀虫剂处理的材料（n = 3）、驱避剂和蚊帐的联合使用（n = 1）以及生物杀幼虫剂和鱼类的联合使用（n = 1）。研究结果主要是病媒密度（n = 10），不过也有一些报告了疟疾发病率和/或流行率（n = 4）。
长效杀虫剂蚊帐和室内滞留喷洒在控制[疟蚊名称]传播的疟疾和降低病媒密度方面有效，驱避剂提供了一种补充方法，尤其是在这种病媒大量繁殖的城市地区。私营部门可以帮助扩大非洲经济实惠的驱避剂生产规模。有必要填补成本效益分析方面的空白，并收集更多的流行病学证据，以更好地评估疟疾控制策略的影响。
