Smirnov A G, Koneva N M
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 1985 Jan-Feb;35(1):81-6.
Ten healthy subjects from 17 to 23 years old participated in the study. The subjects had to hold the ergograph load with their right hand thus fulfilling a static work. The effort magnitude was 50 per cent of maximal value of voluntary strength. The subjects pressed the button on the ergograph handle with their thumb depending on the experimental conditions and held it for 0.8 or 2.5 s. The work with each interval included three conditions: interval estimation without static load (SL), the same with the SL and after SL. At the end of experiment the subjects worked with the interval of 2.5 s under the conditions of maximally long SL holding as far as it would go. An increase of reaction time (RT) was observed at the transition from simple button pressing to interval estimation. RT tended to increase with prolongation of a standard interval. SL did not influence significantly the RT value if it did not cause the general fatigue. A gradual increase of interval estimations was observed under the influence of SL the interval of 0.8 s being estimated more accurately. Estimation of various intervals was supposed to reflect different mechanisms of their perception. Estimation of the interval of 0.8 s was based on the memory trace processes and that of 2.5 s interval was connected with conditioned reflex activity. Apparently SL did not influence interval estimation directly but by changing the functional state of the subject's organism it predetermined a prolongation of the interval estimations.
10名年龄在17至23岁之间的健康受试者参与了该研究。受试者必须用右手握住测力计负荷，从而完成一项静态工作。用力大小为最大自主力量值的50%。受试者根据实验条件用拇指按压测力计手柄上的按钮，并保持0.8秒或2.5秒。每个时间段的工作包括三种条件：无静态负荷（SL）的间隔估计、有SL时的间隔估计以及SL之后的间隔估计。在实验结束时，受试者在尽可能长时间保持SL的条件下以2.5秒的间隔进行工作。从简单的按钮按压过渡到间隔估计时，观察到反应时间（RT）增加。RT倾向于随着标准间隔的延长而增加。如果SL没有导致总体疲劳，则对RT值没有显著影响。在SL的影响下，观察到间隔估计逐渐增加，0.8秒的间隔估计得更准确。对不同间隔的估计被认为反映了它们感知的不同机制。对0.8秒间隔的估计基于记忆痕迹过程，而对2.5秒间隔的估计与条件反射活动有关。显然，SL不是直接影响间隔估计，而是通过改变受试者机体的功能状态，预先决定了间隔估计的延长。
