Ibenyahia Abderrahmane, Elkaddouri Oumaima, Salek Mounir, Boustani Salma, Bigi Soufiane, Adnor Said, Bouissar Wassila, Wakrim Soukaina
Radiology Department, University Hospital Center of Souss Massa, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ibn Zohr Agadir University, Agadir, Morocco.
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Agadir, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco.
Radiol Case Rep. 2024 Dec 31;20(3):1631-1636. doi: 10.1016/j.radcr.2024.12.025. eCollection 2025 Mar.
Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD) is a nonatherosclerotic, noninflammatory vascular disorder predominantly affecting women aged 18 to 65 years. This case report highlights a 74-year-old female diagnosed with FMD incidentally during evaluation for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Imaging revealed significant vascular anomalies, including a giant intracranial carotid aneurysm and a hypoplastic iliac vein with extensive collateral formation. Early detection and tailored management are crucial to prevent complications such as arterial dissections, aneurysms, and stroke. The patient showed favorable evolution without anticoagulation therapy, and interventional embolization was planned to mitigate rupture risks. Differential diagnosis includes atherosclerotic aneurysms, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Marfan syndrome, neurofibromatosis type 1, and polyarteritis nodosa, which must be distinguished through comprehensive imaging and clinical evaluation. The prognosis of FMD varies widely and depends on the extent and location of arterial involvement. This case underscores the importance of advanced imaging in accurately diagnosing and guiding long-term follow-up for FMD management.
纤维肌发育不良（FMD）是一种非动脉粥样硬化、非炎症性血管疾病，主要影响18至65岁的女性。本病例报告重点介绍了一名74岁女性，她在接受深静脉血栓形成（DVT）评估时偶然被诊断为FMD。影像学检查显示有明显的血管异常，包括巨大的颅内颈动脉瘤和发育不全的髂静脉并伴有广泛的侧支形成。早期检测和针对性治疗对于预防动脉夹层、动脉瘤和中风等并发症至关重要。该患者在未接受抗凝治疗的情况下病情进展良好，并计划进行介入栓塞以降低破裂风险。鉴别诊断包括动脉粥样硬化性动脉瘤、埃勒斯-当洛综合征、马方综合征、1型神经纤维瘤病和结节性多动脉炎，必须通过全面的影像学和临床评估加以区分。FMD的预后差异很大，取决于动脉受累的程度和部位。本病例强调了先进影像学在准确诊断和指导FMD管理的长期随访中的重要性。
