Amerio Andrea, Martino Eleonora, Strangio Antonella, Aguglia Andrea, Escelsior Andrea, Conio Benedetta, Sukkar Samir Giuseppe, Saverino Daniele
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genova, Italy.
IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy.
Antibodies (Basel). 2024 Dec 24;14(1):1. doi: 10.3390/antib14010001.
: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by an extreme fear of gaining weight, leading to severe calorie restriction and weight loss. Beyond its psychiatric challenges, AN has significant physical consequences affecting multiple organ systems. Recent research has increasingly focused on the interplay between autoantibodies, oxidative stress, and nutritional state in this condition. : Ninety-six subjects were evaluated: forty-eight with AN and forty-eight normal-weight control subjects. The serum levels of IgG reactive to hypothalamic antigens, uric acid, and total antioxidant capacity were evaluated by laboratory assays. : Anti-hypothalamic autoantibodies were found in AN patients. Furthermore, increased levels of oxidative stress were reported, as measured by decreased serum uric acid and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and they reduced with the disease duration and the restoration of body mass index (BMI). Finally, a decrease in both autoantibodies and oxidative stress was observed as patients' clinical condition improved, as measured by time since diagnosis and BMI recovery. : The clinical improvement of AN patients seems to be associated with a decrease in the autoimmune response to hypothalamic cellular antigens and a reduction in oxidative stress. Dysregulation of the immune system and oxidative stress appear to be interconnected in various diseases, including autoimmune and psychiatric disorders. These findings, although preliminary, may offer potential avenues for the treatment of this challenging condition.
神经性厌食症（AN）是一种复杂的精神疾病，其特征是极度害怕体重增加，导致严重的热量限制和体重减轻。除了其精神方面的挑战外，AN还会对多个器官系统产生重大的身体影响。最近的研究越来越关注自身抗体、氧化应激和营养状态在这种疾病中的相互作用。
对96名受试者进行了评估：48名患有AN的患者和48名体重正常的对照受试者。通过实验室检测评估了对下丘脑抗原具有反应性的IgG血清水平、尿酸和总抗氧化能力。
在AN患者中发现了抗下丘脑自身抗体。此外，据报道氧化应激水平升高，表现为血清尿酸和总抗氧化能力（TAC）降低，并且随着病程和体重指数（BMI）的恢复而降低。最后，随着患者临床状况的改善，观察到自身抗体和氧化应激均有所下降，临床状况的改善通过自诊断以来的时间和BMI恢复来衡量。
AN患者的临床改善似乎与对下丘脑细胞抗原的自身免疫反应降低以及氧化应激减轻有关。免疫系统失调和氧化应激在包括自身免疫性疾病和精神疾病在内的各种疾病中似乎相互关联。这些发现虽然是初步的，但可能为治疗这种具有挑战性的疾病提供潜在途径。
