Kowalski Tomasz, Rębiś Kinga, Malczewska-Lenczowska Jadwiga, Klusiewicz Andrzej, Starczewski Michał, Klich Sebastian, Kasiak Przemysław
Department of Physiology, Institute of Sport-National Research Institute, 01-982 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Nutrition Physiology, Institute of Sport-National Research Institute, 01-982 Warsaw, Poland.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2025 Jan 16;10(1):34. doi: 10.3390/jfmk10010034.
As short-track speed skaters have to race multiple races to achieve success during competition, optimizing the recovery between efforts is a noteworthy performance determinant. Therefore, we compared three different recovery modalities (active cycling recovery, pneumatic compression boots, and isocapnic breathing protocol) in the context of perceived subjective pain and recovery variables, multiple biochemical and biomechanical indices, CMJ height and power, as well as repeated efforts on the ice track. Fifteen elite short-track speed skaters (eight males and seven females; age 18.3 ± 1.0 years, height 175.6 ± 7.5 cm, weight 73.7 ± 7.7 kg, 23.8 kg/m, VOmax 55.5 mL·kg·min: ♂ 58 20 ± 3.6 mL·kg·min; and ♀ 53 ± 4.5 mL·kg·min) completed the study experiment and were included in the analyses. Repeated measures ANOVA with optional post hoc Bonferroni correction was used to assess the association magnitude of changes in variables across the recovery methods. All the investigated protocols were associated with significant changes in multiple recovery indices observed within all the investigated protocols ( ≤ 0.05). However, for this sample, they resulted in analogous effects on subjective variables, hormonal response, creatine kinase, CMJ parameters, and on-ice performance (between-protocol effect: ≥ 0.002). Changes in creatine kinase were generally higher in males than females ( = 0.05), which might suggest that optimal recovery protocols in short-track are gender-dependent. Since compression and active cycling remain gold standard recovery protocols, a similar response from isocapnic breathing suggests it may be a modality particularly useful in real-world settings.
由于短道速滑运动员在比赛中必须参加多场比赛才能取得成功，因此优化两次比赛之间的恢复是一个值得关注的成绩决定因素。因此，我们在主观疼痛和恢复变量、多种生化和生物力学指标、纵跳高度和功率以及在冰道上的重复比赛等方面，比较了三种不同的恢复方式（主动骑行恢复、气动压缩靴和等碳酸呼吸方案）。15名优秀短道速滑运动员（8名男性和7名女性；年龄18.3±1.0岁，身高175.6±7.5厘米，体重73.7±7.7千克，身体质量指数23.8千克/平方米，最大摄氧量55.5毫升·千克·分钟：男性58.20±3.6毫升·千克·分钟；女性53±4.5毫升·千克·分钟）完成了研究实验并纳入分析。采用带有可选事后邦费罗尼校正的重复测量方差分析来评估不同恢复方法中变量变化的关联程度。所有研究方案都与所有研究方案中观察到的多个恢复指标的显著变化相关（P≤0.05）。然而，对于这个样本，它们对主观变量、激素反应、肌酸激酶、纵跳参数和冰上表现产生了类似的影响（方案间效应：P≥0.002）。男性的肌酸激酶变化通常高于女性（P = 0.05），这可能表明短道速滑中的最佳恢复方案存在性别差异。由于压缩和主动骑行仍然是标准的恢复方案，等碳酸呼吸的类似反应表明它可能是一种在实际环境中特别有用的方式。
