Kowalski Tomasz, Obmiński Zbigniew, Waleriańczyk Wojciech, Klusiewicz Andrzej
Department of Physiology, Institute of Sport-National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Sport-National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2025 Jan;331:104353. doi: 10.1016/j.resp.2024.104353. Epub 2024 Sep 17.
The study investigated acute changes in cortisol (C) and testosterone (T) associated with a popular RMT method, voluntary isocapnic hyperpnoea (VIH), in well-trained triathletes. 19 athletes (7 females, 12 males) performed a VIH training session with pre- and post- serum C and T measurements. Repeated measures ANOVA was employed to analyze hormone changes during VIH, with additional time-sex interaction. Pearson correlation coefficient has been computed to identify the relationship between hormonal changes and age, anthropometric indices, respiratory muscle strength, and training experience. There was a statistically significant effect for C changes (F = 13.101, p = 0.002, η = 0.421, ω = 0.08). The C concentration was significantly lower after VIH (Mean Difference = -32.49 ± 39.13 nmol*L). No significant effects for T, T/C ratio, and time-sex interactions were observed (p > 0.05). Amongst many, significant correlations between the percentage of body fat and changes in C (r=-0.464, p=0.045), body mass and changes in T (r=0.516, p=0.024), height and changes in T (r=0.509, p=0.026) were found. VIH significantly lowered C concentration. No significant effects for T, T/C ratio, and no between-sex differences were observed. Noteworthy individual variability was observed in all the monitored indices. Significant correlations were found between acute hormone changes associated with VIH and selected anthropometric indices. The study provides initial insight into VIH's role in athletes' hormonal balance to possibly guide exercise prescription, autoregulation, arousal state management, and recovery practices in athletes.
该研究调查了一种流行的重复肌肉训练（RMT）方法——自愿等碳酸通气过度（VIH），对训练有素的铁人三项运动员体内皮质醇（C）和睾酮（T）的急性影响。19名运动员（7名女性，12名男性）进行了一次VIH训练课程，并在训练前后测量了血清C和T。采用重复测量方差分析来分析VIH期间的激素变化，并考虑额外的时间-性别交互作用。计算了皮尔逊相关系数，以确定激素变化与年龄、人体测量指标、呼吸肌力量和训练经验之间的关系。C的变化具有统计学显著效应（F = 13.101，p = 0.002，η = 0.421，ω = 0.08）。VIH后C浓度显著降低（平均差异=-32.49±39.13 nmol*L）。未观察到T、T/C比值和时间-性别交互作用的显著效应（p > 0.05）。在众多因素中，发现体脂百分比与C变化之间存在显著相关性（r = -0.464，p = 0.045），体重与T变化之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.516，p = 0.024），身高与T变化之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.509，p = 0.026）。VIH显著降低了C浓度。未观察到T、T/C比值的显著效应，也未观察到性别差异。在所有监测指标中均观察到了值得注意的个体差异。发现与VIH相关的急性激素变化与选定的人体测量指标之间存在显著相关性。该研究初步揭示了VIH在运动员激素平衡中的作用，可能为运动员的运动处方、自我调节、唤醒状态管理和恢复实践提供指导。
