Luo Shi, Wen Jianxue, Bao Qilong, Ou Haibo, Yi Shuting, Peng Peng
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, China.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Biomol Biomed. 2025 Aug 5;25(9):1937-1948. doi: 10.17305/bb.2024.11634.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been suggested as a potential risk factor for tinnitus, but evidence remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between DM and tinnitus by systematically reviewing and synthesizing data from observational studies. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to August 16, 2024. Observational studies with a sample size of at least 100 participants that assessed the relationship between DM and tinnitus were included. Studies involving populations with specific diseases were excluded. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots and Egger's regression test. Twelve studies comprising 2,277,719 participants were included. The pooled analysis revealed a significant association between DM and tinnitus (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06-1.31, P = 0.002), with moderate heterogeneity (I² = 51%). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences by geographical region, mean age, sex distribution, tinnitus diagnosis method, or model used for association estimation. Publication bias was not detected (Egger's test P = 0.29). These findings suggest that DM is significantly associated with an increased risk of tinnitus. Further research is warranted to explore underlying mechanisms and causal relationships. Nonetheless, the results underscore the importance of monitoring tinnitus in patients with diabetes.
糖尿病（DM）已被认为是耳鸣的一个潜在风险因素，但证据仍不确凿。本荟萃分析旨在通过系统回顾和综合观察性研究的数据来评估DM与耳鸣之间的关联。截至2024年8月16日，在PubMed、Embase和科学网进行了全面的文献检索。纳入了样本量至少为100名参与者且评估了DM与耳鸣之间关系的观察性研究。排除了涉及特定疾病人群的研究。使用随机效应模型汇总比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（NOS）评估研究质量，并进行敏感性和亚组分析。使用漏斗图和埃格回归检验评估发表偏倚。纳入了12项研究，共2277719名参与者。汇总分析显示DM与耳鸣之间存在显著关联（OR：1.18，95%CI：1.06 - 1.31，P = 0.002），异质性中等（I² = 51%）。敏感性分析证实了这些发现的稳健性。亚组分析显示，按地理区域、平均年龄、性别分布、耳鸣诊断方法或用于关联估计的模型划分，均无显著差异。未检测到发表偏倚（埃格检验P = 0.29）。这些发现表明，DM与耳鸣风险增加显著相关。有必要进一步研究以探索潜在机制和因果关系。尽管如此，结果强调了对糖尿病患者耳鸣进行监测的重要性。
