Dou Yiming, Zhang Yiming, Liu Yang, Sun Xun, Liu Xinyu, Li Bin, Yang Qiang
Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300211, China.
Clinical School of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
Bone Res. 2025 Jan 23;13(1):15. doi: 10.1038/s41413-024-00397-7.
Intervertebral disc degeneration is a degenerative disease where inflammation and immune responses play significant roles. Macrophages, as key immune cells, critically regulate inflammation through polarization into different phenotypes. In recent years, the role of macrophages in inflammation-related degenerative diseases, such as intervertebral disc degeneration, has been increasingly recognized. Macrophages construct the inflammatory microenvironment of the intervertebral disc and are involved in regulating intervertebral disc cell activities, extracellular matrix metabolism, intervertebral disc vascularization, and innervation, profoundly influencing the progression of disc degeneration. To gain a deeper understanding of the inflammatory microenvironment of intervertebral disc degeneration, this review will summarize the role of macrophages in the pathological process of intervertebral disc degeneration, analyze the regulatory mechanisms involving macrophages, and review therapeutic strategies targeting macrophage modulation for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. These insights will be valuable for the treatment and research directions of intervertebral disc degeneration.
椎间盘退变是一种炎症和免疫反应起重要作用的退行性疾病。巨噬细胞作为关键免疫细胞，通过极化为不同表型来严格调控炎症。近年来，巨噬细胞在炎症相关退行性疾病如椎间盘退变中的作用日益受到认可。巨噬细胞构建椎间盘的炎症微环境，并参与调节椎间盘细胞活动、细胞外基质代谢、椎间盘血管化和神经支配，深刻影响椎间盘退变的进程。为了更深入了解椎间盘退变的炎症微环境，本综述将总结巨噬细胞在椎间盘退变病理过程中的作用，分析涉及巨噬细胞的调控机制，并综述针对巨噬细胞调节治疗椎间盘退变的策略。这些见解对于椎间盘退变的治疗和研究方向具有重要价值。
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