Rout Sanghamitra, Roy Suvendu Kumar, Mandal Rupsanatan, Singla Saurav, Rahimi Mehdi, Sur Bijaya, Umamaheswar Naderla, Chakraborty Moumita, Hijam Lakshmi, Nath Sahanob, Debnath Manoj Kanti, Ghimiray Tulsi Saran
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, Gajapati, India.
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, CoochBehar, West Bengal, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 23;15(1):2911. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-86621-8.
This study aimed to assess the genetic basis and combining ability of 10 morphological traits in Indian mustard. The experiment involved eight parent lines and 28 crosses derived from a half-diallel mating design. Combining ability analysis is vital for identifying parents and hybrids with favorable genetic effects to enhance breeding efficiency. The study found significant variations across treatments, parents and parent vs. cross for all attributes related to seed yield. Some traits exhibited notable disparities between parents and crosses, underscoring the intricate genetic dynamics at play. The estimation of genetic components of variance underscored a predominant influence of non-additive gene action, especially in traits linked to yield. Specific combining ability (SCA) consistently surpassed general combining ability (GCA), underscoring the substantial role of non-additive genetic effects. Parental genotypes NPJ-194, DRMR-15-16, Kranti and NPJ-194 were identified as consistent and potent general combiners, indicating their potential to pass on favorable alleles to their offspring. Hybrid combinations such as SKJM-05 × Kranti, RW-85-59 × SKJM-05, and NPJ-194 × SKJM-05 exhibited notable GCA effects of parents, per se performance and SCA effects of hybrids for seed yield plant. Heterosis breeding proved to be a viable strategy, with crosses such as RW-85-59 × SKJM-05, RW-85-59 × Giriraj, RW-85-59 × PHR-2, DRMR-15-16 × Giriraj, and SKJM-05 × PHR-2 exhibiting significant positive heterosis for OC over both mid-parent and better-parent values. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the genetic basis of morphological traits in Indian mustard, offering strategic directions for focused breeding efforts and trait refinement.
本研究旨在评估印度芥菜10个形态性状的遗传基础和配合力。该实验涉及8个亲本系和由半双列杂交设计衍生出的28个杂交组合。配合力分析对于识别具有有利遗传效应的亲本和杂种以提高育种效率至关重要。研究发现，与种子产量相关的所有性状在处理、亲本以及亲本与杂交组合之间均存在显著差异。一些性状在亲本和杂交组合之间表现出明显差异，凸显了其中复杂的遗传动态。方差遗传成分的估计强调了非加性基因作用的主要影响，特别是在与产量相关的性状中。特殊配合力（SCA）始终超过一般配合力（GCA），突出了非加性遗传效应的重要作用。亲本基因型NPJ - 194、DRMR - 15 - 16、Kranti和NPJ - 194被确定为稳定且有效的一般配合者，表明它们有潜力将有利等位基因传递给后代。杂交组合如SKJM - 05×Kranti、RW - 85 - 59×SKJM - 05和NPJ - 194×SKJM - 05在种子产量植株方面表现出显著的亲本GCA效应、自身表现和杂种SCA效应。杂种优势育种被证明是一种可行的策略，像RW - 85 - 59×SKJM - 05、RW - 85 - 59×Giriraj、RW - 85 - 59×PHR - 2、DRMR - 15 - 16×Giriraj和SKJM - 05×PHR - 2等杂交组合在油含量方面相对于中亲值和高亲值均表现出显著的正向杂种优势。总体而言，本研究为印度芥菜形态性状的遗传基础提供了有价值的见解，为有针对性的育种工作和性状改良提供了战略指导。
