Chen Jieyu, Liang Chunyu, Wang Fang, Zhu Yongyun, Zhu Liuhui, Chen Jianzhun, Liu Bin, Yang Xinglong
Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
Neural Regen Res. 2024 Dec 7;21(1):281-95. doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-24-00592.
Cognitive impairment is a particularly severe non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease that significantly diminishes the quality of life of affected individuals. Identifying reliable biomarkers for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease is essential for early diagnosis, prognostic assessments, and the development of targeted therapies. This review aims to summarize recent advancements in biofluid biomarkers for cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease, focusing on the detection of specific proteins, metabolites, and other biomarkers in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva. These biomarkers can shed light on the multifaceted etiology of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease, which includes protein misfolding, neurodegeneration, inflammation, and oxidative stress. The integration of biofluid biomarkers with neuroimaging and clinical data can facilitate the development of predictive models to enhance early diagnosis and monitor the progression of cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease. This comprehensive approach can improve the existing understanding of the mechanisms driving cognitive decline and support the development of targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at modifying the course of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. Despite the promise of these biomarkers in characterizing the mechanisms underlying cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease, further research is necessary to validate their clinical utility and establish a standardized framework for early detection and monitoring of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.
认知障碍是帕金森病一种特别严重的非运动症状，会显著降低患者的生活质量。识别帕金森病认知障碍的可靠生物标志物对于早期诊断、预后评估以及靶向治疗的开发至关重要。本综述旨在总结帕金森病认知障碍生物流体生物标志物的最新进展，重点关注血液、脑脊液和唾液中特定蛋白质、代谢物及其他生物标志物的检测。这些生物标志物能够揭示帕金森病认知障碍多方面的病因，其中包括蛋白质错误折叠、神经退行性变、炎症和氧化应激。将生物流体生物标志物与神经影像学及临床数据相结合，有助于开发预测模型，以加强帕金森病患者认知障碍的早期诊断并监测其进展。这种综合方法能够增进对认知衰退驱动机制的现有理解，并支持旨在改变帕金森病认知障碍病程的靶向治疗策略的开发。尽管这些生物标志物在表征帕金森病认知衰退潜在机制方面前景广阔，但仍需进一步研究以验证其临床效用，并建立一个用于早期检测和监测帕金森病认知障碍的标准化框架。
