医疗保健提供者和同行对老年助听器佩戴者的印象。

Health care providers' and peers' impressions of elderly hearing aid wearers.

作者信息

Danhauer J L, Mulac A, Eve I L

出版信息

Am J Otol. 1985 Mar;6(2):146-9.

Abstract

This study investigated whether (1) health care providers (nursing home and hospital staff personnel) and elderly peer observers formed negative initial impressions of elderly persons shown in three conditions of hearing aid use; (2) whether the groups differed in their ratings; and (3) whether size of the aid affected their ratings. Stimuli were 36 photographic slides, three each of six male and six female elderly persons shown wearing a body hearing aid, a postauricular aid, and no aid. Observers rated the 12 stimulus subjects on a 16-item semantic differential. Factor analysis of the ratings resulted in three factors: achievement, personality, and appearance. Analysis of variance revealed that no "hearing aid effect" was present, since none of the observer groups rated the stimulus subjects lower on any of the three factors when they were shown wearing hearing aids. Further, the groups did not differ in their observations, and size of the hearing aid did not affect their ratings. The findings differ somewhat from earlier studies and have implications for counseling potential hearing aid users.

摘要

本研究调查了

（1）医疗保健提供者（疗养院和医院工作人员）以及老年同龄人观察者是否会对处于三种助听器使用状况下的老年人形成负面的初始印象；（2）这些群体在评分上是否存在差异；（3）助听器的尺寸是否会影响他们的评分。刺激物为36张幻灯片，展示了6名男性和6名女性老年人，每人各有三张照片，分别佩戴体式助听器、耳后式助听器以及未佩戴助听器。观察者们根据一个包含16个项目的语义差异量表对12名刺激对象进行评分。对评分进行因素分析得出了三个因素：成就、个性和外貌。方差分析显示不存在“助听器效应”，因为当刺激对象佩戴助听器展示时，没有任何一个观察者群体在这三个因素中的任何一个上对他们给出更低的评分。此外，这些群体在观察结果上没有差异，并且助听器的尺寸也没有影响他们的评分。这些发现与早期研究略有不同，对为潜在的助听器使用者提供咨询有一定启示。