Greenman Raanan, Weston Chris J
Chemomab Therapeutics Ltd., Tel Aviv 6158002, Israel.
Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
Cells. 2025 Jan 13;14(2):105. doi: 10.3390/cells14020105.
Tissue fibrosis results from a dysregulated and chronic wound healing response accompanied by chronic inflammation and angiogenesis. Regardless of the affected organ, fibrosis shares the following common hallmarks: the recruitment of immune cells, fibroblast activation/proliferation, and excessive extracellular matrix deposition. Chemokines play a pivotal role in initiating and advancing these fibrotic processes. CCL24 (eotaxin-2) is a chemokine secreted by immune cells and epithelial cells, which promotes the trafficking of immune cells and the activation of profibrotic cells through CCR3 receptor binding. Higher levels of CCL24 and CCR3 were found in the tissue and sera of patients with fibro-inflammatory diseases, including primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), systemic sclerosis (SSc), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). This review delves into the intricate role of CCL24 in fibrotic diseases, highlighting its impact on fibrotic, immune, and vascular pathways. We focus on the preclinical and clinical evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of blocking CCL24 in diseases that involve excessive inflammation and fibrosis.
组织纤维化是由失调的慢性伤口愈合反应引起的,伴有慢性炎症和血管生成。无论受影响的器官如何,纤维化都具有以下共同特征:免疫细胞的募集、成纤维细胞的激活/增殖以及细胞外基质的过度沉积。趋化因子在启动和推进这些纤维化过程中起着关键作用。CCL24(嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子-2)是一种由免疫细胞和上皮细胞分泌的趋化因子,它通过与CCR3受体结合促进免疫细胞的运输和成纤维细胞的激活。在包括原发性硬化性胆管炎(PSC)、系统性硬化症(SSc)和代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎(MASH)在内的纤维炎症性疾病患者的组织和血清中发现了较高水平的CCL24和CCR3。本综述深入探讨了CCL24在纤维化疾病中的复杂作用,强调了其对纤维化、免疫和血管途径的影响。我们关注支持在涉及过度炎症和纤维化的疾病中阻断CCL24具有治疗潜力的临床前和临床证据。