Fiegler-Rudol Jakub, Niemczyk Wojciech, Janik Katarzyna, Zawilska Anna, Kępa Małgorzata, Tanasiewicz Marta
Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-902 Bytom, Poland.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland.
Dent J (Basel). 2025 Jan 8;13(1):25. doi: 10.3390/dj13010025.
Traditional root canal therapy (RCT) effectively removes diseased or necrotic pulp tissue and replaces it with inorganic materials. Regenerative endodontics is an alternative to conventional RCT by using biologically based approaches to restore the pulp-dentin complex. This review explores emerging techniques, including autogenic and allogenic pulp transplantation, platelet-rich fibrin, human amniotic membrane scaffolds, specialized pro-resolving mediators, nanofibrous and bioceramic scaffolds, injectable hydrogels, dentin matrix proteins, and cell-homing strategies. These methods utilize stem cells, growth factors, and biomaterials to regenerate vascularized, functional pulp tissue. A narrative review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Embase to identify studies published between 2010 and 2023. In vitro, animal, and clinical studies focusing on innovative regenerative endodontic techniques were analyzed. Although regenerative endodontics demonstrates great potential, challenges remain in standardizing protocols, addressing biological variability, and achieving consistent clinical outcomes. Future research must focus on refining these techniques to ensure their safety, efficacy, and accessibility in routine practice. By addressing current limitations, regenerative endodontics could redefine the management of pulpitis, offering biologically based treatments that enhance tooth vitality, structural integrity, and long-term prognosis.
传统的根管治疗（RCT）能有效去除病变或坏死的牙髓组织，并用无机材料进行替代。再生牙髓治疗是传统根管治疗的一种替代方法，它通过基于生物学的方法来修复牙髓 - 牙本质复合体。本综述探讨了新兴技术，包括自体和异体牙髓移植、富血小板纤维蛋白、人羊膜支架、特殊促消退介质、纳米纤维和生物陶瓷支架、可注射水凝胶、牙本质基质蛋白以及细胞归巢策略。这些方法利用干细胞、生长因子和生物材料来再生血管化的功能性牙髓组织。使用PubMed、Scopus和Embase进行了叙述性综述，以确定2010年至2023年间发表的研究。对专注于创新再生牙髓治疗技术的体外、动物和临床研究进行了分析。尽管再生牙髓治疗显示出巨大潜力，但在规范方案、应对生物变异性以及实现一致的临床结果方面仍存在挑战。未来的研究必须专注于改进这些技术，以确保其在常规实践中的安全性、有效性和可及性。通过解决当前的局限性，再生牙髓治疗可以重新定义牙髓炎的治疗方法，提供基于生物学的治疗，增强牙齿活力、结构完整性和长期预后。
