Renzulli Matteo, Giampalma Emanuela
Radiology Unit, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, AUSL Romagna, 47122 Forlì, Italy.
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy.
Curr Oncol. 2025 Jan 14;32(1):40. doi: 10.3390/curroncol32010040.
The EASL diagnostic algorithm for hepatocellular carcinoma, currently in use, dates back to 2018. While awaiting its update, numerous advancements have emerged in the field of hepatocellular carcinoma imaging. These innovations impact every step of the diagnostic algorithm, from surveillance protocols to diagnostic processes, encompassing aspects preceding a patient's inclusion in surveillance programs as well as the potential applications of imaging after the hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis. Notably, these diagnostic advancements are particularly evident in the domain of magnetic resonance imaging. For example, the sensitivity of ultrasound in diagnosing very early-stage and early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma during the surveillance phase is very low (less than 50%) and a potential improvement in this sensitivity value could be achieved by using abbreviated protocols in magnetic resonance imaging. The aim of this review is to explore the 2024 updates in magnetic resonance imaging for hepatocellular carcinoma, with a focus on its role in surveillance, nodular size assessment, post-diagnosis imaging applications, and its potential role before the initiation of surveillance.
目前正在使用的欧洲肝脏研究学会（EASL）肝细胞癌诊断算法可追溯到2018年。在等待其更新的同时，肝细胞癌成像领域出现了许多进展。这些创新影响着诊断算法的每一个步骤，从监测方案到诊断过程，涵盖了患者纳入监测计划之前的各个方面以及肝细胞癌诊断后的成像潜在应用。值得注意的是，这些诊断进展在磁共振成像领域尤为明显。例如，在监测阶段，超声诊断极早期和早期肝细胞癌的敏感性非常低（低于50%），而通过在磁共振成像中使用简化方案可以实现该敏感性值的潜在提高。本综述的目的是探讨2024年肝细胞癌磁共振成像的更新内容，重点关注其在监测、结节大小评估、诊断后成像应用以及监测开始前的潜在作用。
