Kumar Yogesh, Xu Baojun
Department of Biotechnology, Mehsana Urban Institute of Sciences, Ganpat University, Mehsana 384012, Gujrat, India.
Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Jan 18;11(1):75. doi: 10.3390/jof11010075.
Mushrooms are valued for their culinary and medicinal benefits, containing bioactive compounds like polysaccharides, terpenoids, phenolics, lectins, and ergosterols. This review aims to encourage research on by summarizing its chemistry, health benefits, pharmacology, and potential therapeutic applications. Molecules from offer anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-tumor, hepatoprotective, and anti-bacterial effects. In particular, polysaccharides from (DIP) enhance immune function, reduce oxidative stress, and promote gut health as prebiotics. DIP shows neuroprotective effects by reducing oxidative damage, improving mitochondrial function, and regulating apoptosis, making them beneficial for neurodegenerative diseases. They also activate immune responses through TLR4 and NF-κB pathways. Additionally, compounds like dictyophorines and quinazoline from support nerve growth and protection. Mushrooms help regulate metabolism and improve lipid profiles, with potential applications in managing metabolic disorders, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and neurodegenerative conditions. Their wide range of bioactive compounds makes mushrooms functional foods with significant therapeutic potential.
蘑菇因其烹饪和药用价值而受到重视，含有多糖、萜类化合物、酚类、凝集素和麦角固醇等生物活性化合物。本综述旨在通过总结其化学性质、健康益处、药理学和潜在治疗应用，鼓励对其进行研究。蘑菇中的分子具有抗糖尿病、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、保肝和抗菌作用。特别是，双孢蘑菇中的多糖（DIP）可增强免疫功能、降低氧化应激并作为益生元促进肠道健康。DIP通过减少氧化损伤、改善线粒体功能和调节细胞凋亡显示出神经保护作用，使其对神经退行性疾病有益。它们还通过TLR4和NF-κB途径激活免疫反应。此外，双孢蘑菇中的竹荪碱和喹唑啉等化合物支持神经生长和保护。蘑菇有助于调节新陈代谢并改善血脂状况，在管理代谢紊乱、癌症、心血管疾病、糖尿病和神经退行性疾病方面具有潜在应用。它们广泛的生物活性化合物使双孢蘑菇成为具有重大治疗潜力的功能性食品。
