Otoguro Teruhime, Wagatsuma Keita, Hino Toshiharu, Ichikawa Yusuke, Purnama Tri Bayu, Sun Yuyang, Li Jiaming, Chon Irina, Watanabe Hisami, Saito Reiko
Infectious Diseases Research Center of Niigata University in Myanmar, Niigata University, Niigata 950-8510, Japan.
Division of International Health (Public Health), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 950-8510, Japan.
Vaccines (Basel). 2025 Jan 18;13(1):90. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13010090.
This study aimed to assess the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines among healthcare workers (HCWs) from multiple outpatient clinics in Japan, examining the effects of baseline characteristics (e.g., sex, age, underlying condition, smoking history, occupation) and prior infections.
A total of 101 HCWs provided serum at four time points between October 2020 and July 2023. HCWs received two to six doses of mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273). Anti-nucleocapsid (N) and anti-spike (S) IgG antibodies against the ancestral Wuhan strain were measured using the Abbott Architect™ SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay. Univariate and regression analysis evaluated factors such as past infections, age, sex, smoking, underlying condition, and occupation.
After four to six doses, the median anti-S IgG titer in uninfected HCWs was 1807.30 BAU/mL, compared to 1899.89 BAU/mL in HCWs with prior infections. The median anti-N IgG titer was 0.10 index S/C in uninfected HCWs and 0.39 index S/C in infected HCWs. HCWs with prior infection had anti-S IgG titers 1.1 to 5.8 times higher than those without. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated infection and vaccination significantly increased anti-S and anti-N IgG titers. Age, sex, smoking history and occupation did not influence antibody titers while underlying conditions were associated with lower anti-N IgG titers.
Infection and vaccination were strongly associated with an increase in anti-S and anti-N IgG titers; however, the impact of hybrid immunity appeared to be limited and varied depending on the timing of the sampling. These findings provide valuable insights for developing personalized vaccination strategies and future vaccine development.
本研究旨在评估日本多家门诊医疗机构医护人员（HCW）对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）疫苗的抗体反应，研究基线特征（如性别、年龄、基础疾病、吸烟史、职业）和既往感染的影响。
2020年10月至2023年7月期间，共有101名医护人员在四个时间点提供了血清。医护人员接种了两到六剂信使核糖核酸（mRNA）疫苗（BNT162b2或mRNA-1273）。使用雅培Architect™ SARS-CoV-2 IgG检测法检测针对原始武汉毒株的抗核衣壳（N）和抗刺突（S）IgG抗体。单因素分析和回归分析评估了既往感染、年龄、性别、吸烟、基础疾病和职业等因素。
接种四到六剂疫苗后，未感染医护人员的抗S IgG滴度中位数为1807.30 BAU/mL，而既往有感染的医护人员为1899.89 BAU/mL。未感染医护人员的抗N IgG滴度中位数为0.10指数S/C，感染医护人员为0.39指数S/C。既往有感染的医护人员的抗S IgG滴度比未感染的医护人员高1.1至5.8倍。单因素分析和多因素分析表明，感染和接种疫苗显著提高了抗S和抗N IgG滴度。年龄、性别、吸烟史和职业不影响抗体滴度，而基础疾病与较低的抗N IgG滴度相关。
感染和接种疫苗与抗S和抗N IgG滴度升高密切相关；然而，混合免疫的影响似乎有限，且因采样时间而异。这些发现为制定个性化疫苗接种策略和未来疫苗研发提供了有价值的见解。
