Fedna Jimmy, Borne Romain, Rieffel Dominique, Bornette Gudrun, Henrys Jean-Hugues, Grenouillet Frédéric, Raoul Francis
Université de Franche-Comté, CNRS, Chrono-environnement, 25000 Besançon, France - Équipe de Recherche sur l'Écologie des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales (EREMIT), 6110 Port-au-Prince, Haïti.
Université de Franche-Comté, CNRS, Chrono-environnement, 25000 Besançon, France.
Parasite. 2024;31:64. doi: 10.1051/parasite/2024063. Epub 2024 Oct 9.
Angiostrongylus cantonensis, commonly known as the rat lungworm, causes Eosinophilic meningitis in humans. Our study aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of this parasite in rats in Haiti. Rats were trapped at 8 sites, 7 in Artibonite (rural region) and one in an urban area of Port-au-Prince. After euthanasia, hearts and lungs were sampled and preserved in 70% ethanol. Subsequently, the organs were dissected to detect adult worms. Parasite DNA was amplified using PCR targeting either the nematode ITS2 gene for rodent lung tissue or cox1 for isolated worms. Subsequent sequencing allowed parasite identification. A total of 70 rats were captured, i.e. 23 Rattus norvegicus and 47 Rattus rattus. Adult nematodes morphologically compatible with A. cantonensis were isolated from 5/70 rats (7%) and identification was confirmed by sequencing. Molecular analysis of lung tissue revealed a parasite prevalence of 31.4% (22/70), and its presence at 4 of the 8 sites investigated, including Port-au-Prince. The molecular approach on lung tissue targeting the ITS2 gene enabled us to detect a prevalence 4 times higher than the visual search for adult worms alone. Only one COX1 haplotype was identified, belonging to genotype II-G, widely distributed in Brazil, the French Antilles (Guadeloupe), French Polynesia, Hawaii, and Japan. These results confirm that A. cantonensis is an endemic parasite in Haiti not only in the capital Port-au-Prince, but also in several rural areas. Direct molecular screening for Angiostrongylus DNA in rat lung tissue showed higher sensitivity than visual detection of worms during dissection and could be useful for further prevalence studies.
广州管圆线虫，通常被称为鼠肺线虫，可导致人类嗜酸性粒细胞性脑膜炎。我们的研究旨在调查这种寄生虫在海地大鼠中的流行情况和分布。在8个地点捕获大鼠，其中7个在阿蒂博尼特（农村地区），1个在太子港市区。安乐死后，采集心脏和肺并保存在70%乙醇中。随后，解剖器官以检测成虫。使用针对啮齿动物肺组织的线虫ITS2基因或分离蠕虫的cox1进行PCR扩增寄生虫DNA。随后的测序可鉴定寄生虫。共捕获70只大鼠，即23只褐家鼠和47只黑家鼠。从5/70只大鼠（7%）中分离出形态上与广州管圆线虫相符的成年线虫，并通过测序确认鉴定结果。肺组织的分子分析显示寄生虫流行率为31.4%（22/70），在所调查的8个地点中的4个地点发现了该寄生虫，包括太子港。针对ITS2基因的肺组织分子方法使我们能够检测到的流行率比仅目视搜索成虫高出4倍。仅鉴定出一种COX1单倍型，属于II-G基因型，广泛分布于巴西、法属安的列斯群岛（瓜德罗普岛）、法属波利尼西亚、夏威夷和日本。这些结果证实广州管圆线虫是海地的一种地方性寄生虫，不仅在首都太子港，而且在几个农村地区也是如此。对大鼠肺组织中广州管圆线虫DNA进行直接分子筛查显示，其灵敏度高于解剖时目视检测蠕虫，可用于进一步的流行率研究。
