Del Buono Marco Giuseppe, La Vecchia Giulia, Montone Rocco Antonio, Rodriguez-Miguelez Paula, Leone Antonio Maria, Sanna Tommaso, Burzotta Francesco, Crea Filippo, Abbate Antonio
Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Curr Cardiol Rep. 2025 Jan 24;27(1):39. doi: 10.1007/s11886-024-02154-y.
Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a transient form of left ventricular dysfunction, typically affecting post-menopausal females, often preceded by emotional or physical stressful events that act as triggers. Initially believed to be a rare and benign condition for its reversible nature, TTS has recently emerged as a complex multifaceted clinical entity, with heterogenous clinical presentations and a non-negligible risk of serious in-hospital complications, including acute heart failure, arrhythmias and death.
Emerging pathophysiological hypotheses, ranging from microvascular dysfunction to systemic inflammation, offer new insights into the underlying mechanisms of TTS. Moreover, increasing awareness of potential complications during the acute phase of the disease underscores its significant prognostic implications and emphasizes the need for randomized clinical trials to guide the therapeutic management of TTS. In this narrative review article, we aim to discuss the recent insights on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment and prognosis of patients affected by TTS discussing the emerging evidence and the remaining knowledge gap in the field.
Takotsubo综合征（TTS）是左心室功能障碍的一种短暂形式，通常影响绝经后女性，常由情绪或身体应激事件引发。由于其可逆性，TTS最初被认为是一种罕见的良性疾病，但最近已成为一个复杂的多方面临床实体，临床表现异质性，且存在不可忽视的严重院内并发症风险，包括急性心力衰竭、心律失常和死亡。
从微血管功能障碍到全身炎症等新出现的病理生理假说，为TTS的潜在机制提供了新见解。此外，对疾病急性期潜在并发症的认识不断提高，凸显了其重要的预后意义，并强调需要进行随机临床试验以指导TTS的治疗管理。在这篇叙述性综述文章中，我们旨在讨论TTS患者在流行病学、病理生理学、治疗和预后方面的最新见解，探讨该领域新出现的证据和仍存在的知识空白。
