Milioto Vanessa, Arizza Vincenzo, Vizzini Aiti, Perelman Polina L, Roelke-Parker Melody E, Dumas Francesca
Department of "Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF)", University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy.
Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, SB RAS, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
Biology (Basel). 2024 Dec 29;14(1):22. doi: 10.3390/biology14010022.
The intraspecies and interspecies Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) between the closely related Cebidae species, capuchin monkeys (, ), and the tamarins () was performed to analyze their genomes. In particular, this approach determines balanced and unbalanced repetitive DNA sequence distribution and reveals dynamics during evolution. Capuchin monkeys are considered the most ancestral group with conserved syntenies compared to the hypothetical ancestral New World monkeys' karyotype. Also, more derived karyotypes of phylogenetically distant species from the and genera are analyzed here. The distribution of repetitive sequences has been traditionally studied through classical staining methods of cytogenetics. It has been hypothesized that repeats are species-specific and their conservation across closely related species are also common; their role in the genome has been extensively studied even though its role in speciation is not well studied and understood. The CGH shows bright signals with balanced and imbalanced DNA involving different genome regions: such as predominantly repetitive DNA at centromeric positions, and interstitial distribution with extended blocks. Cross-species CGH demonstrated the origin of some heterochromatic regions and identified apomorphic heterochromatin expansion events. The uncovered distribution of repetitive sequences is analyzed from an evolutionary perspective to elucidate the genomic dynamics of the repetitive sequences at the level of chromosomal organization.
对亲缘关系密切的卷尾猴科物种卷尾猴（ ）和狨猴（ ）进行了种内和种间比较基因组杂交（CGH），以分析它们的基因组。具体而言，这种方法确定了平衡和不平衡的重复DNA序列分布，并揭示了进化过程中的动态变化。与假设的新大陆猴祖先核型相比，卷尾猴被认为是具有保守同线性的最原始群体。此外，这里还分析了来自 和 属的系统发育距离较远物种的更多衍生核型。传统上，通过细胞遗传学的经典染色方法研究重复序列的分布。据推测，重复序列是物种特异性的，它们在密切相关物种中的保守性也很常见；尽管其在物种形成中的作用尚未得到充分研究和理解，但它们在基因组中的作用已得到广泛研究。CGH显示出明亮的信号，涉及不同基因组区域的平衡和不平衡DNA，例如着丝粒位置主要是重复DNA，以及具有延伸块的间隙分布。跨物种CGH证明了一些异染色质区域的起源，并确定了特化异染色质扩展事件。从进化的角度分析了重复序列的发现分布，以阐明染色体组织水平上重复序列的基因组动态。
