Bell Scott D, Quinn Anthony E, Bajo Alfred, Mayberry Trenton G, Cowan Braydon C, Marrah Austin J, Wakefield Mark R, Fang Yujiang
Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Des Moines University, West Des Moines, IA 50266, USA.
Department of Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2025 Jan 7;17(2):169. doi: 10.3390/cancers17020169.
Bladder cancer is among the most common form of cancer worldwide and is predicted to increase in incidence and mortality over the next decade. Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder is a rare histological variant typically associated with schistosomiasis, also known as bilharzia, a parasitic infection caused by flatworms called schistosomes or blood flukes, and is generally seen in underdeveloped nations. However, squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder still represents nearly 5% of bladder cancer diagnoses in the western world. Transitional cell carcinoma is the predominant histological variant of bladder cancer found throughout the western world, and nearly all disease indicators and treatments for bladder cancer are driven by this common variant. Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder shows characteristic features that differ from transitional cell carcinoma, such as differing levels of protein indicators and different response rates to traditional bladder cancer therapies. Common treatment methods for squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder include radical cystectomy, chemotherapies, and radiation. Reviewing the previous literature on the management of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder, it becomes apparent that this variant needs to be treated differently than common bladder cancer variants and a proper management course needs to be set in place to maximize positive patient outcomes. Such a study will be very helpful for urologists and oncologists to manage patients with bladder squamous cell carcinoma.
膀胱癌是全球最常见的癌症形式之一，预计在未来十年发病率和死亡率将会上升。膀胱鳞状细胞癌是一种罕见的组织学变异类型，通常与血吸虫病（又称裂体吸虫病）相关，血吸虫病是由称为血吸虫或血吸虫的扁虫引起的寄生虫感染，一般在欠发达国家较为常见。然而，膀胱鳞状细胞癌在西方世界仍占膀胱癌诊断病例的近5%。移行细胞癌是在整个西方世界发现的膀胱癌的主要组织学变异类型，几乎所有膀胱癌的疾病指标和治疗方法都由这种常见变异类型主导。膀胱鳞状细胞癌具有与移行细胞癌不同的特征，例如蛋白质指标水平不同，对传统膀胱癌疗法的反应率也不同。膀胱鳞状细胞癌的常见治疗方法包括根治性膀胱切除术、化疗和放疗。回顾以往关于膀胱鳞状细胞癌治疗的文献，很明显这种变异类型需要与常见的膀胱癌变异类型区别对待，需要制定适当的治疗方案以最大限度地提高患者的积极治疗效果。这样的研究对泌尿外科医生和肿瘤内科医生治疗膀胱鳞状细胞癌患者将非常有帮助。
