Efared Boubacar, Bako Aïchatou Balaraba Abani, Idrissa Boubacar, Alhousseini Daouda, Boureima Habiba Salifou, Sodé Haboubacar Chaibou, Nouhou Hassan
Faculty of Health Sciences, Abdou Moumouni University, Niamey, Niger.
Pathology laboratory, Niamey National Hospital, Niamey, Niger.
Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines. 2022 Feb 15;8(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s40794-022-00161-x.
Schistosomiasis is still a public health issue in certain areas of developing countries (especially in sub-saharan Africa). Schistosoma haematobium is a proven carcinogenic agent that causes mainly bladder squamous cell carcinoma. This type of cancer has characteristic epidemiological, clinical and histopathological features with poor prognosis as compared to other urinary bladder cancers not associated with this parasite.
We report two fatal cases of advanced-stage bladder squamous cell carcinoma associated with Schistosoma haematobium in a sub-saharan developing African country (Niger), illustrating the devastating complications of this tropical neglected disease. The two cases were a 38-year-old woman and a 37-year-old male. They presented with chronic pelvic pain and hematuria. The clinical and radiological work-up revealed invasive urivary bladder tumor extended to the pelvis, that was histopathologically proven to be an invasive squamous cell carcinoma associated with Schistosoma haematobium. The two patients died shortly after the diagnosis before chemotherapy prescription.
Schistosoma-associated bladder squamous cell carcinoma has characteristic features with dismal prognosis. Eradication of this parasite remains the only efficient way to prevent the devastating consequences of this particular cancer.
血吸虫病在发展中国家的某些地区（尤其是撒哈拉以南非洲）仍是一个公共卫生问题。埃及血吸虫是一种已被证实的致癌因子，主要引发膀胱鳞状细胞癌。与其他非由该寄生虫引起的膀胱癌相比，这种类型的癌症具有独特的流行病学、临床和组织病理学特征，预后较差。
我们报告了撒哈拉以南非洲一个发展中国家（尼日尔）两例与埃及血吸虫相关的晚期膀胱鳞状细胞癌死亡病例，展示了这种热带被忽视疾病的毁灭性并发症。这两例病例分别为一名38岁女性和一名37岁男性。他们均表现为慢性盆腔疼痛和血尿。临床及影像学检查显示侵袭性膀胱肿瘤已蔓延至盆腔，组织病理学证实为与埃及血吸虫相关的侵袭性鳞状细胞癌。这两名患者在确诊后不久，尚未开始化疗时便死亡。
与血吸虫相关的膀胱鳞状细胞癌具有特征性表现，预后不佳。根除这种寄生虫仍然是预防这种特殊癌症带来毁灭性后果的唯一有效方法。
