S Khater Karima, M Abd-Elrhmman Marwa, M E A Said Zeinab, A El-Sayed Ali, Ali Abdelhadi A I, Alkeridis Lamya Ahmed, Al-Shuraym Laila A, Wang Jingwen, Zhang Qichun, Aioub Ahmed A A
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt.
Insects. 2025 Jan 12;16(1):72. doi: 10.3390/insects16010072.
(Lepidoptera: Nolidae) is a major pest of cotton and other crops in Egypt, and the widespread use of insecticides has led to resistance. This study evaluates, for the first time, the bioactivity of (Malpighiales: Euphorbiaceae) oil and its nano-emulsion (CTNE) against 25 newly hatched larvae of Boisd. We assessed their biological effects across different developmental stages and performed histological and ultrastructural examinations. Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) identified several bioactive compounds in oil crushed dry seeds, including fatty acids, hydrocarbons, and sterols. CTNE showed excellent quality with a zeta potential of -17.7 mV, an average particle size of 54.28 nm, and spherical droplets of 42.42 nm in diameter. The LC values for oil and CTNE were 9.02% and 2.70%, respectively. Both treatments significantly impacted the biological characteristics of Boisd., including reduced larval and pupal weight, lower adult emergence, decreased fecundity, and increased mortality. Histologically, there was epithelial cell hypotrophy and detachment, while ultrastructural damage included chromatin condensation, nuclear envelope folding, and mitochondrial damage, indicating apoptotic degeneration. These findings suggest oil and CTNE as potential, safe alternatives to chemical insecticides.
（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）是埃及棉花和其他作物的主要害虫，杀虫剂的广泛使用已导致其产生抗性。本研究首次评估了（金虎尾目：大戟科）油及其纳米乳液（CTNE）对25只新孵化的博伊斯德夜蛾幼虫的生物活性。我们评估了它们在不同发育阶段的生物学效应，并进行了组织学和超微结构检查。气液色谱法（GLC）鉴定出压碎的干燥种子中的油中含有几种生物活性化合物，包括脂肪酸、烃类和甾醇。CTNE表现出优异的品质，zeta电位为-17.7 mV，平均粒径为54.28 nm，直径为42.42 nm的球形液滴。油和CTNE的LC值分别为9.02%和2.70%。两种处理均对博伊斯德夜蛾的生物学特性产生了显著影响，包括幼虫和蛹体重减轻、成虫羽化率降低、繁殖力下降以及死亡率增加。组织学上，存在上皮细胞萎缩和脱离，而超微结构损伤包括染色质浓缩、核膜折叠和线粒体损伤，表明细胞凋亡性退变。这些发现表明油和CTNE可作为化学杀虫剂的潜在安全替代品。
