Fu Yuanyuan, Zeng Shuyan, Wang Zhenlin, Huang Huiting, Zhao Xin, Li Min
Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2025 Jan 15;18(1):99. doi: 10.3390/ph18010099.
As a structural and catalytic cofactor, copper is involved in many biological pathways and is required for the biochemistry of all living organisms. However, excess intracellular copper can induce cell death due to its potential to catalyze the generation of reactive oxygen species, thus copper homeostasis is strictly regulated. And the deficiency or accumulation of intracellular copper is connected with various pathological conditions. Since the success of platinum-based compounds in the clinical treatment of various types of neoplasias, metal-based drugs have shown encouraging perspectives for drug development. Compared to platinum, copper is an essential intracellular trace element that may have better prospects for drug development than platinum. Recently, the potential therapeutic role of copper-induced autophagy in chronic diseases such as Parkinson's, Wilson's, and cardiovascular disease has already been demonstrated. In brief, copper ions, numerous copper complexes, and copper-based nano-preparations could induce autophagy, a lysosome-dependent process that plays an important role in various human diseases. In this review, we not only focus on the current advances in elucidating the mechanisms of copper or copper-based compounds/preparations on the regulation of autophagy but also outline the association between copper-induced autophagy and human diseases.
作为一种结构和催化辅助因子，铜参与许多生物途径，是所有生物体生物化学过程所必需的。然而，细胞内过量的铜会因其催化活性氧生成的潜力而诱导细胞死亡，因此铜稳态受到严格调控。并且细胞内铜的缺乏或积累与各种病理状况相关。自从铂类化合物在各类肿瘤的临床治疗中取得成功以来，金属基药物在药物研发方面展现出了令人鼓舞的前景。与铂相比，铜是一种必需的细胞内微量元素，在药物研发方面可能比铂具有更好的前景。最近，铜诱导的自噬在帕金森病、威尔逊病和心血管疾病等慢性疾病中的潜在治疗作用已经得到证实。简而言之，铜离子、众多铜络合物和铜基纳米制剂可诱导自噬，这是一种在各种人类疾病中起重要作用的依赖溶酶体的过程。在这篇综述中，我们不仅关注阐明铜或铜基化合物/制剂对自噬调控机制的当前进展，还概述了铜诱导的自噬与人类疾病之间的关联。
