Azhar Mubara, Alasmari Mohammed S, Zamir Ammara, Saeed Hamid, Alqahtani Faleh, Ahmad Tanveer, Rasool Muhammad Fawad
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan.
Drug and Poisoning Information Center, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2025 Jan 17;18(1):122. doi: 10.3390/ph18010122.
Glimepiride (GLM), a commonly used sulphonylurea drug for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), has been the subject of numerous studies exploring its kinetic behaviors. However, a comprehensive evaluation that synthesizes all available pharmacokinetic (PK) data across diverse populations remains limited. This systematic review aims to provide detailed knowledge about the pharmacokinetics (PK), the associated pharmacodynamics (PD), and the drug interactions of GLM, which can be used to assess key parameters and identify factors influencing variability across diverse populations and clinical settings. A systematic search of the peer-reviewed literature was combined using major databases-Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect, to identify studies reporting the PK of GLM. Following the data extraction, a meta-analysis using a random effect (RE) model was performed, where feasible, to quantitatively assess the variability of key PK parameters across different studies to create a more robust PK parameter estimate. The final screening has yielded 40 articles. The area under the curve (AUC) and the peak concentration (C) rise proportionately with increasing doses, depicting the linear kinetics of GLM. The subjects with genotype CYP2C9 *1/*3 depicted a 4-fold higher (AUC) as compared to that of the CYP2C9 *1/*1 population. Preliminary meta-analysis results indicated significant variability in (AUC) and C values among different studies. Heterogeneity across studies was high, warranting the use of RE models. The findings of this review would be helpful in the development and evaluation of PK models that may aid in suggesting individualized dosing.
格列美脲（GLM）是一种常用于治疗2型糖尿病（T2DM）的磺脲类药物，一直是众多探索其动力学行为研究的主题。然而，综合不同人群所有可用药代动力学（PK）数据的全面评估仍然有限。本系统评价旨在提供有关GLM的药代动力学（PK）、相关药效学（PD）和药物相互作用的详细知识，可用于评估关键参数并确定影响不同人群和临床环境中变异性的因素。使用主要数据库——谷歌学术、PubMed、Cochrane和ScienceDirect对同行评审文献进行系统检索，以识别报告GLM PK的研究。在数据提取之后，在可行的情况下，使用随机效应（RE）模型进行荟萃分析，以定量评估不同研究中关键PK参数的变异性，从而创建更可靠的PK参数估计值。最终筛选出40篇文章。曲线下面积（AUC）和峰浓度（C）随剂量增加成比例上升，描绘了GLM的线性动力学。与CYP2C9 *1/*1人群相比，基因型为CYP2C9 *1/*3的受试者的（AUC）高4倍。初步荟萃分析结果表明，不同研究之间（AUC）和C值存在显著变异性。各研究之间的异质性很高，因此有必要使用RE模型。本综述的结果将有助于PK模型的开发和评估，这可能有助于建议个体化给药。
