Karcheva Zornitsa, Georgieva Zhaneta, Anev Svetoslav, Petrova Detelina, Paunov Momchil, Zhiponova Miroslava, Chaneva Ganka
Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tsankov Bul., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Department Dendrology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Forestry, 10 Sveti Kliment Ohridski Blvd., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 14;14(2):215. doi: 10.3390/plants14020215.
Microalgae offer a promising alternative for heavy metal removal, and the search for highly efficient strains is ongoing. This study investigated the potential of two microalgae, sp. BGV (Chlorophyta) and Schwabe & Simonsen (Cyanoprokaryota), to bind zinc ions (Zn⁺) and protect higher plants. Hydroponically grown pea ( L.) seedlings were subjected to ZnSO treatment for 7 days in either a nutrient medium (Knop) or a microalgal suspension. The effects of increasing Zn⁺ concentrations were evaluated through solution parameters, microalgal dry weight, pea growth (height, biomass), and physiological parameters, including leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll content, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Zinc accumulation in microalgal and plant biomass was also analyzed. The results revealed that microalgae increased pH and oxygen levels in the hydroponic medium while enhancing Zn accumulation in pea roots. At low ZnSO concentrations (2-5 mM), microalgal suspensions stimulated pea growth and photosynthetic performance. However, higher ZnSO levels (10-15 mM) caused Zn accumulation, leading to nutrient deficiencies and growth suppression in microalgae, which ultimately led to physiological disturbances in peas. sp. BGV exhibited greater tolerance to Zn stress and provided a stronger protective effect when co-cultivated with peas, highlighting its potential for phycoremediation applications.
微藻为重金属去除提供了一种很有前景的替代方法，目前人们正在寻找高效菌株。本研究调查了两种微藻，即绿藻门的BGV藻株和蓝原核生物的施瓦贝&西蒙森藻株结合锌离子（Zn⁺）并保护高等植物的潜力。水培生长的豌豆（L.）幼苗在营养培养基（克诺普培养基）或微藻悬浮液中接受ZnSO处理7天。通过溶液参数、微藻干重、豌豆生长（高度、生物量）以及生理参数（包括叶片气体交换、叶绿素含量和归一化植被指数（NDVI））评估锌离子浓度增加的影响。还分析了微藻和植物生物量中的锌积累情况。结果表明，微藻提高了水培介质的pH值和氧气水平，同时增强了豌豆根中锌的积累。在低ZnSO浓度（2 - 5 mM）下，微藻悬浮液刺激了豌豆的生长和光合性能。然而，较高的ZnSO水平（10 - 15 mM）导致锌积累，导致微藻营养缺乏和生长受抑制，最终导致豌豆生理紊乱。BGV藻株对锌胁迫表现出更强的耐受性，与豌豆共培养时提供了更强的保护作用，突出了其在植物修复应用中的潜力。
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