A Study of the Different Strains of the Genus spp. on Increasing Productivity and Stress Resilience in Plants.

One of the most important and essential components of sustainable agricultural production is biostimulants, which are emerging as a notable alternative of chemical-based products to mitigate soil contamination and environmental hazards. The most important modes of action of bacterial plant biostimulants on different plants are increasing disease resistance; activation of genes; production of chelating agents and organic acids; boosting quality through metabolome modulation; affecting the biosynthesis of phytochemicals; coordinating the activity of antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes; synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins, vitamin C, and polyphenols; enhancing abiotic stress through cytokinin and abscisic acid (ABA) production; upregulation of stress-related genes; and the production of exopolysaccharides, secondary metabolites, and ACC deaminase. is a free-living bacterial genus which can promote the yield and growth of many species, with multiple modes of action which can vary on the basis of different climate and soil conditions. Different species of spp. can increase the growth, yield, and biomass of plants by increasing the availability of nutrients; enhancing the solubilization and subsequent uptake of nutrients; synthesizing indole-3-acetic acid; fixing nitrogen; solubilizing phosphorus; promoting the production of phytohormones; enhancing the growth, production, and quality of fruits and crops via enhancing the production of carotenoids, flavonoids, phenols, and antioxidants; and increasing the synthesis of indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellins, siderophores, carotenoids, nitric oxide, and different cell surface components. The aim of this manuscript is to survey the effects of spp. and spp. by presenting case studies and successful paradigms in several horticultural and agricultural plants.