Nazli Adila, Malanga Milo, Sohajda Tamás, Béni Szabolcs
Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary.
CarboHyde Zrt., Berlini u. 47-49, 1045 Budapest, Hungary.
Pharmaceutics. 2025 Jan 9;17(1):81. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17010081.
Cyclodextrins can serve as carriers for various payloads, utilizing their capacity to form unique host-guest inclusion complexes within their cavity and their versatile surface functionalization. Recently, cationic cyclodextrins have gained considerable attention, as they can improve drug permeability across negatively charged cell membranes and efficiently condense negatively charged nucleic acid due to electrostatic interactions. This review focuses on state-of-the-art and recent advances in the construction of cationic cyclodextrin-based delivery systems. First, we identified different cationic moieties that are commonly employed in the design of cyclodextrins with enhanced complexation ability. Subsequently, a wide range of cationic cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems were analyzed with emphasis on chemistry, drug release profiles, and therapeutic outcomes. The evaluation of the delivery platforms was also based on the four major types of drugs, such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antidiabetic agents. The delivery systems for nucleic acids were also summarized while focusing on their condensation ability, transfection efficiency, and biocompatibility in comparison to commercially available vectors such as PEI 25 kDa and lipofectamine 2000. Furthermore, we highlighted the potential of cationic cyclodextrins in constructing multimodal delivery systems for the simultaneous encapsulation of both drugs and nucleic acids. Finally, the challenges and limitations associated with cationic cyclodextrin setups were discussed.
环糊精可作为各种有效载荷的载体，利用其在腔内形成独特的主客体包合物的能力及其多样的表面功能化。最近，阳离子环糊精受到了广泛关注，因为它们可以提高药物对带负电荷细胞膜的渗透性，并通过静电相互作用有效地浓缩带负电荷的核酸。本综述重点关注基于阳离子环糊精的递送系统的最新技术和进展。首先，我们确定了不同的阳离子部分，这些部分常用于设计具有增强络合能力的环糊精。随后，分析了一系列基于阳离子环糊精的药物递送系统，重点关注化学性质、药物释放曲线和治疗效果。对递送平台的评估还基于四种主要类型的药物，如抗癌药、抗炎药、抗菌药和抗糖尿病药。还总结了核酸递送系统，同时与市售载体如25 kDa聚乙烯亚胺和脂质体2000相比，重点关注其凝聚能力、转染效率和生物相容性。此外，我们强调了阳离子环糊精在构建用于同时包封药物和核酸的多模态递送系统方面的潜力。最后，讨论了与阳离子环糊精设置相关的挑战和局限性。
