Peng Shiyang, Meri Amu Qingsan, Zhou Min, Yu Yuan, Tian Dongmei, Zhu Shaomi
Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, (School of Medical and Life Sciences/Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China.
Department of Reproductive medicine center of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
J Reprod Immunol. 2025 Mar;168:104440. doi: 10.1016/j.jri.2025.104440. Epub 2025 Jan 22.
The endometrial and vaginal microbiota have co-evolved with the reproductive tract and play a key role in both health and disease. However, the difference between endometrial and vaginal microbiota, as well as their association with reproductive outcomes in women undergoing frozen embryo transfer, remains unclear. 120 women who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and whole embryo freezing were enrolled. The vaginal and uterine microbiome were sequenced during the first frozen thawed embryo transfer. Based on whether or not they were pregnant after embryo transfer, women were assigned into two groups, and the microbiome of their reproductive tract was compared. The V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were examined in the samples using the Next Generation Sequencing method. In the vagina, the non-pregnant group had higher bacterial species richness and diversity, with significantly lower Lactobacillus levels (91.66 % & 74.50 %) and higher Gardnerella levels (3.92 % & 12.12 %) than pregnant group (P < 0.05). In the uterine cavity, the diversity of uterine microbiome between pregnant group and non-pregnant group showed no significant differences. However, dramatic decrease in Lactobacillus (37.27 % & 33.45 %) and Pseudomonas (9.80 % & 4.08 %) were observed in the non-pregnant group (P < 0.05). There may be a correlation between the composition of female reproductive tract microbiome and the reproductive outcomes of patients with frozen-thawed embryo transfer. Lactobacillus-dominated microbiome in reproductive tract is more likely to be associated with higher clinical and ongoing pregnancy rate.
子宫内膜和阴道微生物群与生殖道共同进化，在健康和疾病中都起着关键作用。然而，子宫内膜和阴道微生物群之间的差异，以及它们与接受冻融胚胎移植的女性生殖结局的关联仍不清楚。招募了120名接受体外受精（IVF）/卵胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）并进行全胚胎冷冻的女性。在首次冻融胚胎移植期间对阴道和子宫微生物群进行测序。根据胚胎移植后是否怀孕，将女性分为两组，并比较她们生殖道的微生物群。使用下一代测序方法检测样本中16S rRNA基因的V3-V4区域。在阴道中，未怀孕组的细菌种类丰富度和多样性更高，乳酸杆菌水平（分别为91.66%和74.50%）显著低于怀孕组，加德纳菌水平（分别为3.92%和12.12%）高于怀孕组（P<0.05）。在子宫腔内，怀孕组和未怀孕组子宫微生物群的多样性没有显著差异。然而，未怀孕组中乳酸杆菌（分别为37.27%和33.45%）和假单胞菌（分别为9.80%和4.08%）显著减少（P<0.05）。女性生殖道微生物群的组成与冻融胚胎移植患者的生殖结局之间可能存在相关性。生殖道中以乳酸杆菌为主的微生物群更有可能与更高的临床妊娠率和持续妊娠率相关。
