Becker Maxi, Cabeza Roberto
Department of Psychology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Psychology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Trends Cogn Sci. 2025 Mar;29(3):255-268. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2025.01.001. Epub 2025 Jan 24.
Creative problem solving and memory are inherently intertwined: memory accesses existing knowledge while creativity enhances it. Recent studies show that insights often accompanying creative solutions enhance long-term memory. This insight memory advantage (IMA) is explained by the 'insight as prediction error (PE)' hypothesis which states that insights arise from PEs updating predictive solution models and thereby enhancing memory. Neurally, the hippocampus initially detects PEs and then, together with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), integrates and updates these expectations facilitating efficient memory encoding and retrieval. Dopamine (DA) mediates reward PEs and long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus, while noradrenaline (NE) enhances arousal and attention impacting the amygdala, the salience network, and hippocampal plasticity. These neurobiological mechanisms likely underpin IMA and have significant implications for educational practices and problem-solving strategies.
记忆获取现有知识，而创造力则增强知识。近期研究表明，伴随创造性解决方案出现的洞察力能够增强长期记忆。这种洞察力记忆优势（IMA）由“洞察力即预测误差（PE）”假说解释，该假说认为洞察力源于预测误差对预测性解决方案模型的更新，从而增强记忆。在神经层面，海马体最初检测预测误差，然后与内侧前额叶皮质（mPFC）一起整合并更新这些预期，促进有效的记忆编码和检索。多巴胺（DA）介导海马体中的奖励预测误差和长时程增强（LTP），而去甲肾上腺素（NE）增强唤醒和注意力，影响杏仁核、突显网络和海马体可塑性。这些神经生物学机制可能是IMA的基础，对教育实践和问题解决策略具有重要意义。
