Department of Psychological and Social Sciences, John Cabot University, Rome, Italy.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2024 Jun;24(3):505-516. doi: 10.3758/s13415-024-01184-x. Epub 2024 Mar 27.
Research on creative problem-solving finds that solutions achieved via spontaneous insight (i.e., Aha! moment) are better remembered than solutions reached without this sense of epiphany, referred to as an "insight memory advantage." We hypothesized that the insight memory advantage can spread to incidental information encoded in the moments surrounding insight as well. Participants (N = 291) were first given Rebus puzzles. After they indicated that they had found a solution, but before they could submit this solution, they were presented with scholastic facts that were incidental and unrelated to the problem at hand. Participants indicated whether they reached the solution via either insight or a step-by-step analysis. Memory results showed better performance for incidental scholastic facts presented when problem solving was accompanied by a spontaneous (Aha! experience) and induced (D'oh! experience) insight compared with solutions reached with analysis. This finding suggests that the memory advantage for problems solved via insight spreads to other unrelated information encoded in close temporal proximity and has implications for novel techniques to enhance learning in educational settings.
研究创造性解决问题发现，通过自发灵感（即顿悟时刻）获得的解决方案比没有这种顿悟感的解决方案更容易被记住，这被称为“顿悟记忆优势”。我们假设这种顿悟记忆优势也可以扩展到顿悟时刻周围编码的附带信息上。参与者（N=291）首先接受了 Rebus 谜题。在他们表示已经找到解决方案但还不能提交解决方案之前，他们会看到与手头问题无关的偶然的学术事实。参与者表明他们是通过顿悟还是逐步分析来解决问题的。记忆结果显示，与通过分析解决问题相比，当解决问题时伴随着自发的（Aha！体验）和诱发的（D'oh！体验）顿悟时，呈现的偶然学术事实的表现更好。这一发现表明，通过顿悟解决问题的记忆优势会扩展到其他在时间上接近并编码的不相关信息，这对教育环境中增强学习的新技术有影响。
