Karaca Zuleyha, Kelestimur Fahrettin
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Pituitary. 2025 Jan 25;28(1):20. doi: 10.1007/s11102-024-01481-1.
Sheehan syndrome (SS) is postpartum pituitary necrosis leading to severe hypopituitarism. Severe bleeding during delivery and postpartum period results in ischemic necrosis of the enlarged pituitary gland during pregnancy. The improved obstetrical care decreased the incidence of SS significantly, however SS should always be kept in mind in the etiologies of hypopitutarism in women which can be easily recognized by medical history of the patient. The nonspecific signs and symptoms of hypopituitarism result in significant delay in diagnosis and treatment. The diagnostic delay makes the patients to expose hypopituitarism without essential replacement therapies leading to increased morbidity and mortality of the patients. Awareness of physicians about SS is critical for the diagnosis of the disease. In this review, the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and treatment of SS are discussed in the light of recent studies.
希恩综合征（SS）是产后垂体坏死导致的严重垂体功能减退。分娩期及产后期的严重出血会导致孕期增大的垂体发生缺血性坏死。产科护理的改善显著降低了希恩综合征的发病率，然而在女性垂体功能减退的病因中，希恩综合征仍应始终被考虑在内，通过患者病史通常很容易识别。垂体功能减退的非特异性体征和症状导致诊断和治疗出现显著延迟。诊断延迟使患者在未接受必要替代治疗的情况下暴露于垂体功能减退状态，从而导致患者发病率和死亡率增加。医生对希恩综合征的认识对于该疾病的诊断至关重要。在这篇综述中，将根据近期研究对希恩综合征的流行病学、病理生理学、临床表现及治疗进行讨论。
