Xie Bingqin, Wu Yuying, Liu Zilin, Huang Yu, Lu Qun, Bian Ayuan, Han Bingxin, Yan Yansheng, Lai Yicheng, He Baochang, Li Yanfen, Yan Fuhua, Yan Lingjun, Chen Fa
J Am Dent Assoc. 2025 Mar;156(3):198-210.e28. doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2024.11.010. Epub 2025 Jan 24.
The authors aimed to explore the association of fatty acids with periodontitis and its severity and to assess causality using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.
Data for participants with complete data were extracted from the 2009-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Weighted logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between dietary fatty acids and periodontitis and its severity. Univariable and multivariable MR analyses were performed to explore the causal association between plasma fatty acids and periodontitis.
Two types of saturated fatty acids (hexadecanoic C16:0, octadecanoic C18:0) and monounsaturated fatty acids (hexadecenoic C16:1, docosenoic C22:1) and 3 types of polyunsaturated fatty acids (eicosatetraenoic C20:4, eicosapentaenoic C20:5, docosahexaenoic C22:6) were positively associated with periodontitis. Conversely, octadecadienoic (C18:2, a type of polyunsaturated fatty acid), total polyunsaturated fatty acids, and omega-6 fatty acids were negatively associated with periodontitis. Similar association patterns were also found between these fatty acids and the severity of periodontitis. Results of MR analyses revealed that no significant association was found between plasma fatty acids and periodontitis.
The authors provided evidence of significant associations between certain fatty acids and periodontitis and its severity, highlighting their contributory role, although the evidence does not support a causal role based on the results of MR-based analyses.
The results of this study support a contributory or inhibitory role of fatty acids in the progression of periodontitis, although not as a direct cause, and underscored the importance of maintaining a balanced dietary lipid profile for periodontal health.
作者旨在探讨脂肪酸与牙周炎及其严重程度之间的关联，并使用孟德尔随机化（MR）分析评估因果关系。
从2009 - 2014年国家健康与营养检查调查中提取具有完整数据的参与者的数据。采用加权逻辑回归来探讨膳食脂肪酸与牙周炎及其严重程度之间的关系。进行单变量和多变量MR分析以探讨血浆脂肪酸与牙周炎之间的因果关联。
两种饱和脂肪酸（十六烷酸C16:0、十八烷酸C18:0）和单不饱和脂肪酸（十六碳烯酸C16:1、二十二碳烯酸C22:1）以及三种多不饱和脂肪酸（二十碳四烯酸C20:4、二十碳五烯酸C20:5、二十二碳六烯酸C22:6）与牙周炎呈正相关。相反，十八碳二烯酸（C18:2，一种多不饱和脂肪酸）、总多不饱和脂肪酸和ω-6脂肪酸与牙周炎呈负相关。在这些脂肪酸与牙周炎严重程度之间也发现了类似的关联模式。MR分析结果显示血浆脂肪酸与牙周炎之间未发现显著关联。
作者提供了某些脂肪酸与牙周炎及其严重程度之间存在显著关联的证据，突出了它们的促成作用，尽管基于MR分析的结果该证据不支持因果作用。
本研究结果支持脂肪酸在牙周炎进展中具有促成或抑制作用，尽管不是直接原因，并强调了保持均衡饮食脂质谱对牙周健康的重要性。
