Li Lin, Zhang Xin, Yan Jiayao, Guo Jingyi, Liu Fangcen, Wei Xiao, Liu Qin, Wang Kongcheng, Liu Baorui
Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Oncology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, China.
Discov Oncol. 2025 Jan 26;16(1):88. doi: 10.1007/s12672-025-01804-z.
This study aims to investigate the expression of seven cancer testis antigens (MAGE-A1, MAGE-A4, MAGE-A10, MAGE-A11, PRAME, NY-ESO-1 and KK-LC-1) in pan squamous cell carcinoma and their prognostic value, thus assessing the potential of these CTAs as immunotherapeutic targets. The protein expression of these CTAs was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 60 lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), 62 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCA) and 62 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). The relationship between CTAs expression and progression-free survival (PFS) was assessed. PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were also collected and correlated with CTAs expression. The prognostic impact of CTAs gene expression was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter website. CTAs expression was 0-48% in ESCA, 3%-77% in LUSC, and 3%-71% in HNSC. Analysis of PFS showed that MAGE-A1 expression in HNSC (**p < 0.01), PRAME in LUSC (p = 0.008, **p < 0.01), MAGE-A10 (p = 0.012, *p < 0.05) and PRAME (p = 0.021, *p < 0.05) in ESCA were significantly correlated with PFS. In all three cancers, coexpression of three CTAs was used as a cutoff value for grouping, and the results showed a significant difference in PFS between these two groups. Moreover, CTAs expression was significantly correlated with PD-L1 expression and T cell infiltration. These findings indicate a high incidence of CTA expression in HNSC, LUSC and ESCA, which was correlated with PD-L1 expression, T cell infiltration, and tumor progression. The results suggest that cancer testis antigens could be feasible vaccine targets in squamous cell carcinoma.
本研究旨在调查七种癌睾丸抗原（MAGE-A1、MAGE-A4、MAGE-A10、MAGE-A11、PRAME、NY-ESO-1和KK-LC-1）在泛鳞状细胞癌中的表达及其预后价值，从而评估这些癌睾丸抗原作为免疫治疗靶点的潜力。通过免疫组织化学评估了60例肺鳞状细胞癌（LUSC）、62例食管鳞状细胞癌（ESCA）和62例头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSC）中这些癌睾丸抗原的蛋白表达。评估了癌睾丸抗原表达与无进展生存期（PFS）之间的关系。还收集了PD-L1表达和肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞，并将其与癌睾丸抗原表达相关联。使用Kaplan-Meier Plotter网站评估癌睾丸抗原基因表达的预后影响。癌睾丸抗原在ESCA中的表达为0%-48%，在LUSC中为3%-77%，在HNSC中为3%-71%。PFS分析表明，HNSC中的MAGE-A1表达（**p < 0.01）、LUSC中的PRAME表达（p = 0.008，**p < 0.01）、ESCA中的MAGE-A10（p = 0.012，*p < 0.05）和PRAME（p = 0.021，*p < 0.05）与PFS显著相关。在所有三种癌症中，将三种癌睾丸抗原的共表达用作分组的临界值，结果显示这两组之间的PFS存在显著差异。此外，癌睾丸抗原表达与PD-L1表达和T细胞浸润显著相关。这些发现表明，癌睾丸抗原在HNSC、LUSC和ESCA中的表达发生率较高，这与PD-L1表达、T细胞浸润和肿瘤进展相关。结果表明，癌睾丸抗原可能是鳞状细胞癌中可行的疫苗靶点。
