Makin Lauren, Zesch Elisa, Meyer Adia, Mondelli Valeria, Tchanturia Kate
Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London, London, UK.
Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2025 Jan 26. doi: 10.1002/erv.3177.
This review maps existing literature on the prevalence of autism and ADHD in adult patients with Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and Binge Eating Disorder (BED); patient and stakeholder perspectives on this comorbidity; clinical differences in this population; and potential treatment adaptations or adjunct therapies. This is with the aim to inform future research priorities to improve clinical practice.
As pre-registered, and following PRISMA guidelines, six databases (Embase, MEDLINE via Ovid, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and Scopus) were searched for studies regarding autism and/or ADHD (diagnosed, probable, or traits) in adult patients with BN or BED. Screening and data extraction were conducted twice independently for each record.
Twenty-nine studies were included, with 25,416 participants, mostly women (69.3%). Thirteen prevalence studies suggested autism and ADHD are more common in BN or BED than non-ED populations. One study explored the expert perspectives on autism and ADHD in BED, while 15 studies considered treatment options, mainly medications.
This review highlights a need for more research on the experiences, clinical differences, and non-medical treatment options for Autistic/ADHD patients with BN or BED. Findings suggest these conditions commonly co-occur but remain under-explored in terms of patient-centred interventions and clinical outcomes.
本综述梳理了关于神经性贪食症（BN）和暴饮暴食症（BED）成年患者中自闭症和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患病率的现有文献；患者及利益相关者对这种共病的看法；该人群的临床差异；以及潜在的治疗调整或辅助治疗方法。目的是为未来的研究重点提供信息，以改善临床实践。
按照预先注册的方案，并遵循PRISMA指南，检索了六个数据库（Embase、通过Ovid检索的MEDLINE、PsycINFO、Web of Science、CENTRAL和Scopus），以查找有关BN或BED成年患者中自闭症和/或ADHD（已诊断、可能或特质）的研究。对每条记录独立进行两次筛选和数据提取。
纳入了29项研究，共25416名参与者，其中大多数为女性（69.3%）。13项患病率研究表明，自闭症和ADHD在BN或BED患者中比非进食障碍人群更常见。一项研究探讨了专家对BED中自闭症和ADHD的看法，15项研究考虑了治疗选择，主要是药物治疗。
本综述强调需要对患有BN或BED的自闭症/ADHD患者的经历、临床差异和非药物治疗选择进行更多研究。研究结果表明，这些病症通常同时出现，但在以患者为中心的干预措施和临床结果方面仍未得到充分探索。
