[Epidemiology and risk factors of persistent arterial hypertension after preeclampsia: a longitudinal study at the Chad-China Friendship Hospital].

INTRODUCTION

arterial hypertension (AH) may persist beyond three months postpartum after preeclampsia, increasing the long-term risk of cardiovascular complications. The purpose of this study is to describe the epidemiological aspects and factors associated with persistent hypertension following preeclampsia.

METHODS

we conducted a longitudinal descriptive study, from January 2022 to June 2023. The study included patients who were hospitalized for preeclampsia in the maternity ward of the Chad-China Friendship Hospital and followed in the cardiology outpatient clinic for at least three months. A multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with persistent hypertension.

RESULTS

during our study period, 144 patients were hospitalized for preeclampsia, of whom 92 were included in the study. The average age of patients was 26.32 ±7.05 years, with extremes ranging from 16 to 42 years. Multiparity was observed in 41.3% (n=38) of patients and severe preeclampsia occurred in 80.4% (n=74). Additionally, 17.4% (n=16) had twin pregnancies and obesity was found in 19.6% (n=18). Persistent arterial hypertension was present in 24 patients, representing a prevalence of 26.10% (n=24). A personal history of preeclampsia was the only factor significantly associated with persistent arterial hypertension (adjusted OR 5.30, 95% CI 1.31-21.44, p=0.01).

CONCLUSION

it is necessary to develop a care pathway for patients who have had preeclampsia in order to prevent and manage long-term complications at an early stage.