Tessema Gizachew Assefa, Tekeste Abebe, Ayele Tadesse Awoke
Department of Reproductive Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Meseret Desta Specialized Higher Clinic, Dessie, Ethiopia.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2015 Mar 29;15:73. doi: 10.1186/s12884-015-0502-7.
Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in Ethiopia. It has been increasing and linked to multiple factors, making prevention of the disease a continuous challenge. Yet few studies have been conducted in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with preeclampsia among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Dessie referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia.
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Dessie referral hospital between August and September 2013. All pregnant women who had antenatal visit at Dessie referral hospital were included for the study. A total of 490 pregnant women were enrolled in the study. Pretested and structured questionnaire via face-to-face interview technique was used for data collection. The data were entered in to EPI info version 3.5.3 statistical software and exported to SPSS version 20 statistical package for further analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to explore the data in relation to relevant variables. Binary logistic regression analysis was employed. Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was computed to identify factors associated with Preeclampsia.
The prevalence of preeclampsia among pregnant women in Dessie referral hospital was found to be 8.4%. Women having family history of hypertension [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 7.19 (95% CI 3.24-15.2)], chronic hypertension [AOR = 4.3 (95% CI 1.33-13.9)], age ≥35 years [AOR = 4.5 (95% CI 1.56-12.8)], family history of diabetes mellitus [AOR = 2.4 (95% CI 1.09-5.6)] and being unmarried [AOR = 3.03 (95% CI 1.12 - 8.2)] were found to be associated with preeclampsia.
The prevalence of preeclampsia in this hospital was lower that other studies. Having personal or family history of hypertension, older age, and family history of diabetic mellitus were factors associated with preeclampsia. Encouraging pregnant women to have health seeking behavior during pregnancy would provide a chance to diagnose preeclampsia as early as possible.
子痫前期是埃塞俄比亚孕产妇死亡的主要原因之一。其发病率一直在上升，且与多种因素相关，这使得该疾病的预防成为一项持续的挑战。然而，埃塞俄比亚开展的相关研究较少。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东北部德西转诊医院接受产前检查的孕妇中子痫前期的患病率及其相关因素。
2013年8月至9月在德西转诊医院开展了一项基于医院的横断面研究。纳入所有在德西转诊医院进行产前检查的孕妇。共有490名孕妇参与了本研究。通过面对面访谈技术使用经过预测试的结构化问卷收集数据。数据录入EPI info 3.5.3版统计软件，并导出到SPSS 20版统计软件包进行进一步分析。使用描述性统计来探索与相关变量有关的数据。采用二元逻辑回归分析。计算比值比及95%置信区间（CI）以确定与子痫前期相关的因素。
德西转诊医院孕妇子痫前期的患病率为8.4%。有高血压家族史[调整后比值比（AOR）=7.19（95% CI 3.24 - 15.2）]、慢性高血压[AOR = 4.3（95% CI 1.33 - 13.9）]、年龄≥35岁[AOR = 4.5（95% CI 1.56 - 12.8）]、糖尿病家族史[AOR = 2.4（95% CI 1.09 - 5.6）]以及未婚[AOR = 3.03（95% CI 1.12 - 8.2）]被发现与子痫前期有关。
该医院子痫前期的患病率低于其他研究。有个人或家族高血压病史、年龄较大以及糖尿病家族史是与子痫前期相关的因素。鼓励孕妇在孕期寻求医疗行为将提供尽早诊断子痫前期的机会。
